45 citations
,
March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.
9 citations
,
November 2015 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Different types of PCOS in Chinese Han women show varying levels of male hormone and metabolic issues.
April 2024 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal” Higher anxiety levels are linked to sexual dysfunction in women with PCOS.
April 2025 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal” Reference values for nine hormones were established to help diagnose PCOS.
31 citations
,
December 2023 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal” PCOS is linked to inflammation, and certain markers could help in its treatment.
February 2024 in “Biomedicines” Pregnant women with PCOS have higher levels of Neurokinin B in the placenta, especially with female babies.
3 citations
,
August 2024 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal” Vitamin D may help improve hormone levels in women with PCOS.
19 citations
,
June 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Women with PCOS often have more sleep problems than the general population.
9 citations
,
March 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Girls with PCOS have higher levels of certain androgens, which are linked to excess hair growth, but these androgens don't help diagnose PCOS.
2 citations
,
July 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Some women with PCOS have rare genetic variants linked to the condition.
33 citations
,
January 2018 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Metformin improves menstrual cycles and hormone levels in women with PCOS, mostly within the first 6 months.
270 citations
,
April 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS often have more belly fat and higher insulin levels, but belly fat isn't the only cause of their insulin resistance.
July 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” The document concludes that careful history and physical exams are crucial for accurately diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome and distinguishing it from other similar conditions.
633 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” PCOS affects a similar percentage of Black and White women in the Southeastern United States.
3 citations
,
June 2023 in “European heart journal open” Women with irregular periods have a higher risk of heart disease.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)” Women with PCOS have altered brain structure and reduced cognitive performance.
8 citations
,
March 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.
May 2020 in “Fertility and Sterility” Nonobese, normotensive Indian women with PCOS may have a higher risk of heart problems linked to inflammation and insulin resistance.
35 citations
,
March 2012 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” The conclusion is that accurately identifying the cause of high androgen levels in women with PCOS is crucial and requires specific tests.
32 citations
,
April 2016 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Women with severe types of PCOS are more likely to have metabolic syndrome, and belly fat is a key predictor of this risk.
991 citations
,
January 2011 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” The document concludes that PCOS is a complex disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors, affecting women's health in various ways, and requires personalized treatment.
286 citations
,
January 2009 in “Human Reproduction Update” Women with the NIH type of PCOS have more obesity and higher risk of diabetes and heart disease than those with other types of PCOS.
21 citations
,
September 2017 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Chromium supplements don't improve insulin, hormone levels, or cholesterol in women with PCOS but raise testosterone levels.
8 citations
,
September 2024 in “Portuguese Journal of Dermatology and Venereology” Early treatment of PCOS is crucial for better health and quality of life.
3 citations
,
February 2018 in “InTech eBooks” Traditional Chinese Medicine and acupuncture may improve Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome symptoms and reduce costs, but more research is needed.
418 citations
,
June 2003 in “Endocrine Reviews” While PCOS might increase the risk of heart disease, there's not strong evidence to prove it causes earlier heart problems.
85 citations
,
June 2008 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” PCOS starts in adolescence with hormonal issues, leading to adult health problems, and early treatment is crucial.
117 citations
,
May 2017 in “Human Reproduction Update” The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.
10 citations
,
January 2018 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” The document concludes that women with PCOS need a comprehensive care model that covers reproductive, metabolic, and psychological health to improve their quality of life.
1 citations
,
June 2012 in “Springer eBooks” Acupuncture may improve reproductive and metabolic functions in PCOS without negative side effects, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.