24 citations
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September 2005 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.
14 citations
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June 2015 in “Toxicology and Industrial Health” Low doses of BPA can increase prostate growth and change hormone levels in adult rats.
9 citations
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May 2005 in “Expert Review of Clinical Immunology” Blocking interferon-gamma might help treat various autoimmune diseases.
March 2024 in “International journal of life-sciences scientific research/SSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences” PCOS has many symptoms, with high androgen levels being the most common.
September 1997 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Anti-IL-1 treatments might help with certain types of hair loss in people with high inflammation.
20 citations
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January 2019 in “Journal of dermatological science” Male hormones indirectly affect skin cell development by increasing growth factor levels from skin fibroblasts.
87 citations
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March 2000 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Alpha-hydroxy acids, like glycolic acid, safely improve skin issues and work on all skin types.
55 citations
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June 2012 in “Steroids” Testosterone affects vascular cells directly without converting to estradiol.
7 citations
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January 2018 in “International Journal of Trichology” Taking 5 mg/day finasteride can cause side effects in women with hair loss, but these are usually mild and fade over time, making the treatment beneficial in the long run.
March 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Higher doses of 5α-reductase inhibitors may lower mortality risk, but low doses increase it.
24 citations
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April 2013 in “PLOS ONE” TNFα, IFNγ, and Substance P significantly affect prolactin levels in human skin, suggesting new treatments for skin and hair conditions.
48 citations
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February 2006 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” 5α-reductase inhibitors may reduce male fertility and could be used for male contraception.
7 citations
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August 2006 in “Maturitas” Cimicifuga racemosa extract may help prevent and treat prostate issues by inhibiting 5α-reductase.
June 2023 in “Journal of personalized medicine” Androgen treatment with dihydrotestosterone may help maintain height in patients with 5-α-reductase type 2 deficiency, especially before puberty.
September 2022 in “Annals of medicine and surgery” Three siblings with a rare genetic condition had abnormal sexual development and chose different gender identities, needing surgery and therapy.
9 citations
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August 2021 in “Biomedicines” 17β-estradiol boosts APE1/Ref-1 secretion in cells and mice via a calcium-dependent pathway.
18 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of Chromatography A” Detecting steroid esters in cattle hair is inconsistent and influenced by sampling factors.
8 citations
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July 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” 17β-estradiol lowers polyamine oxidase levels in breast cancer cells through estrogen receptor 2.
January 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences” A brain-made hormone can protect against memory-related brain damage caused by harmful proteins.
April 2026 in “microPublication” Minoxidil might partially activate estrogen receptors, affecting hair growth.
8 citations
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August 2015 in “Endocrine” 1 citations
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July 2022 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Dutasteride may help protect neurons and reduce inflammation in Parkinson's disease.
November 2023 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone replacement therapy may improve hair growth in the frontal hairline of postmenopausal women with hair loss.
22 citations
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July 1990 in “Acta Dermato Venereologica” High levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone inhibit hair cell growth, while high levels of estradiol promote it.
4 citations
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November 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” COVID-19 may worsen Parkinson's disease by affecting certain brain proteins.
October 2025 in “Frontiers in Toxicology” A new method effectively predicts estrogen-related health effects for early screening.
408 citations
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May 2004 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Dutasteride more effectively lowers DHT levels in men with enlarged prostates than finasteride.
23 citations
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March 2014 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Testosterone reduces knee flexibility by affecting relaxin receptors.
8 citations
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February 2014 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Finasteride affects frog testes by increasing testosterone, decreasing 5α-DHT, and impacting genes related to reproduction and other functions.
1 citations
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October 2025 in “EBioMedicine” Women have a higher DHT/testosterone ratio than men, possibly due to gut bacteria activity.