51 citations
,
January 1989 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Men with male-pattern baldness have more androgen receptors in their scalp's oil glands, which may contribute to hair loss.
35 citations
,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” The exact cause of increased 5α-reductase activity leading to hirsutism in women is still unknown.
September 2017 in “Majallah-i taḥqīqāt-i ̒ulūm-i pizishkī-i Zāhidān” Androgenetic alopecia is a long-term, immune-related disorder that starts during puberty due to androgen secretion, and it might be improved with iron tablets, platelet transfusion, and anti-inflammation therapy.
Women with androgenetic alopecia have normal levels of most blood steroids and binding proteins, but higher dehydroepiandrosterone. Some also have low "sex hormone-binding globulin" and "corticosteroide-binding globulin" capacity, and high "free androgen index" and "free cortisol index". Diane treatment can normalize these levels and improve hair conditions.
14 citations
,
January 1980 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Both treatments reduced androgen levels and hair growth in women with hirsutism.
49 citations
,
March 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The hHa7 gene is regulated by androgens in certain body hair, not scalp hair.
2 citations
,
November 2025 in “Nutrition Journal” Probiotic supplements may help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in women with PCOS.
227 citations
,
January 1998 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Cells from balding scalps have more androgen receptors than cells from non-balding scalps.
78 citations
,
August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The same gene mutation can cause different symptoms in family members.
32 citations
,
November 2020 in “UNC Libraries” A point mutation in the androgen receptor gene causes complete androgen insensitivity.
24 citations
,
January 1989 in “Archives of biochemistry and biophysics” Male rats have androgen receptors in their liver, which are different from proteins that bind estrogen.
29 citations
,
January 2006 in “Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine” SHBG binding properties are unchanged in male liver cirrhosis patients.
53 citations
,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androgens like testosterone affect hair growth and oil production differently across body parts and individuals.
40 citations
,
March 1982 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Young women with diffuse hair loss may have low SHBG levels, which could lead to more active testosterone and contribute to their hair loss.
January 1995 in “Adolescent and pediatric gynecology” Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause different levels of androgen insensitivity, making it hard to create simple tests for the condition.
114 citations
,
March 2018 in “PLOS Medicine” Women with PCOS are more than twice as likely to develop nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
May 2025 in “Anatolian journal of obstetrics and gynecology research.” Androgens affect many aspects of female health, and more research is needed to understand their roles and treatment potential.
32 citations
,
January 1990 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Women with female pattern hair loss have higher levels of certain androgens, suggesting increased androgen exposure to hair follicles.
18 citations
,
April 2011 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine” Dihydrotestosterone causes p27 protein breakdown in ovarian and breast cancer cells by binding with SKP2.
23 citations
,
March 2014 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Testosterone reduces knee flexibility by affecting relaxin receptors.
8 citations
,
January 1986 in “Journal of hepatology” Men with liver cancer have higher levels of a specific testosterone byproduct in their liver and blood, despite overall lower male hormone levels.
September 2014 in “Springer eBooks” Men and women experience skin aging differently due to changes in sex hormone levels with age.
57 citations
,
January 1995 in “The American journal of medicine” Oral contraceptives help treat hyperandrogenic disorders, improving symptoms like excessive hair and acne.
16 citations
,
February 2018 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women is complex and requires accurate testing methods and consideration of SHBG levels.
7 citations
,
June 1994 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Obesity may contribute to female hair loss by increasing male hormone levels that affect hair follicles.
6 citations
,
February 2013 in “Medical Oncology” Certain genetic variants increase the risk of resistance to hormone therapy in prostate cancer patients.
1 citations
,
November 2011 in “Open access journal of contraception” Birth control pills with low-dose estrogen and antiandrogenic progestins can effectively treat acne.
198 citations
,
July 2011 in “Cochrane library” Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
January 2019 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Stress, hypothyroidism, drug intake, and anemia are important factors in women's diffuse hair loss.
20 citations
,
September 2023 in “Nutrients” A very-low-calorie diet led to more weight loss and health improvements in obese women with PCOS than a moderate energy deficit diet.