December 2023 in “Farmateka” Minoxidil is an effective and safe treatment for common hair loss when applied to the skin, but more research is needed for optimal use.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries” Both hormonal and non-hormonal therapies improve hair growth in women, but non-hormonal methods may be more effective with fewer side effects.
185 citations
,
August 2020 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.
10 citations
,
December 2017 in “Chemosphere” Bisphenol-A (BPA) increases connections between brain cells and boosts their activity, but it blocks the effects of a male hormone on brain cell plasticity.
4 citations
,
June 2025 in “MedComm” PROTACs show promise for cancer treatment, but designing them effectively is challenging.
December 2025 in “BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks” PCOS often causes skin issues like excess hair, acne, hair thinning, and dark patches due to hormone imbalances and insulin resistance.
New steroid derivatives show promise as anticancer agents, even against resistant cells.
February 2026 in “Journal of Drugs in Dermatology” Current and new treatments for hair loss include topical minoxidil and oral finasteride, but results vary and new options are being explored.
143 citations
,
October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Too much androgen can cause hair loss; finasteride may help.
16 citations
,
January 2003 in “Nuclear Receptor Signaling” Androgens and SARMs play a role in body mass, frailty, skin health, and hair growth, and are used in treating prostate cancer, acne, and hair loss, with potential for new uses and improved versions in the future.
4 citations
,
April 1999 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Androgens, like DHT, affect hair growth and treatments like finasteride may help.
54 citations
,
February 1993 in “Endocrine reviews” Androgen conjugates might be better indicators of skin sensitivity to hormones in women with excessive hair growth.
20 citations
,
August 2005 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” The protein ARA70/ELE1 is involved in male pattern baldness, and lower levels of its short form may lead to hair thinning.
121 citations
,
November 2020 in “Endocrine” Male hormones like testosterone may make COVID-19 worse, and testing for sensitivity to these hormones could help predict how severe a patient's symptoms might be. Treatments that reduce these hormones are being explored.
76 citations
,
April 2005 in “Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention” E211 G>A gene linked to lower risk of severe prostate cancer and hair loss.
11 citations
,
August 2009 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery” We need better ways to test and understand SARMs to make safer and more effective treatments.
2 citations
,
November 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” Different substances that activate or block the androgen receptor can affect male development and treat conditions like prostate cancer.
February 2010 in “ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)” Male sexual differentiation is regulated independently, while female differentiation occurs in an androgenic environment, affecting conditions like congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
70 citations
,
January 2009 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Androgens slow hair growth by altering Wnt signaling in balding cells.
58 citations
,
January 2003 in “Thrombosis and Haemostasis” Testosterone may slow down wound healing and increase inflammation.
39 citations
,
June 2013 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Herbal extracts and platelet-rich plasma together may help increase hair growth by making certain cells grow more, through specific cell growth pathways.
22 citations
,
October 2011 in “Bone” Androgens affect bone and fat cell development differently based on the cells' embryonic origin.
18 citations
,
January 2001 in “Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry” Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) are drugs that can control the effects of androgens in different tissues, potentially having fewer side effects and promising for treating various conditions.
12 citations
,
December 2012 in “Current Drug Targets” The Androgen Receptor could be a target for treating diseases like cancer, but more research is needed to confirm the effectiveness of potential treatments.
9 citations
,
January 2016 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” The study concluded that both estrogen and androgen receptors, which decrease with age, are linked to skin aging and may be hormonally regulated.
6 citations
,
November 2020 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Androgens reduce BMP2, which weakens the ability of certain cells to help hair stem cells become different types of cells.
1 citations
,
January 2013 in “MedChemComm” PF-05314882 selectively activates androgen receptors without much effect on prostate and may help in prostate cancer treatment and hair loss prevention.
1 citations
,
November 2008 in “Acta crystallographica” Scientists successfully created and analyzed the structure of a part of the human androgen receptor with specific modulators and a peptide to understand how it binds differently in various tissues.
December 2020 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Finasteride can have lasting negative effects on brain function and behavior by disrupting neurosteroid production.
45 citations
,
January 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Too much AKR1C3 enzyme causes resistance to finasteride by increasing testosterone.