April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” PRC1 influences skin stem cell development by both turning genes on and off, affecting hair growth and skin cell types.
8 citations
,
March 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.
1 citations
,
May 2025 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Older age and low testosterone increase the risk of kidney stones in men.
December 2025 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” High chromogranin A levels are linked to obesity and inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome.
45 citations
,
August 2019 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Hair loss treatments work better with lifestyle changes.
17 citations
,
June 2012 in “The Anatolian journal of cardiology” Premature hair graying may be a sign of increased risk for heart disease, indicating biological age is more important than actual age.
12 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics” Certain gene variations are linked to higher male hormone levels in Chinese women with PCOS and insulin resistance.
28 citations
,
October 2013 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Ovarian SAHA syndrome makes women with PCOS more resistant to insulin and increases their risk of blood sugar problems.
30 citations
,
June 2016 in “Journal of Human Genetics” Researchers found genetic mutations causing hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in 88% of studied patients and identified new mutations and genetic variations affecting the disease.
2 citations
,
November 2017 in “Cardiovascular endocrinology” Early balding, premature graying, and hair thinning can predict heart disease in young Asian males.
May 2013 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” High aldosterone and free testosterone levels link to female hair loss; testing aldosterone may predict hypertension risk.
44 citations
,
April 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with PCOS have similar levels of certain proteins compared to women without PCOS, and these proteins don't independently cause PCOS.
51 citations
,
November 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Beard cells, unlike scalp cells, produce growth factors in response to testosterone, which may explain differences in hair growth.
Finasteride and dutasteride might lower melanoma risk.
224 citations
,
February 2013 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” ERG increases SOX9, promoting prostate cancer growth and invasion.
147 citations
,
October 2004 in “Experimental dermatology” Hormones like testosterone affect skin functions and can cause skin issues when in excess; treatments to manage these effects are only somewhat effective.
111 citations
,
October 2008 in “Nature Genetics” Researchers found a new gene area linked to male-pattern baldness, which, along with another gene, significantly increases the risk of hair loss in men.
10 citations
,
June 2010 in “Fertility and Sterility” Patients with PCOS tend to score their hirsutism higher than clinicians, making self-scoring less useful for diagnosis.
2 citations
,
August 2014 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Obesity may worsen hair loss in men and increase hirsutism in overweight or obese individuals, with weight loss recommended for treatment.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)” Women with PCOS have altered brain structure and reduced cognitive performance.
1 citations
,
December 2016 in “Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology” Medroxyprogesterone acetate iontophoresis safely and effectively reduces facial hair growth in women.
January 2026 in “Forum Dermatologicum” Skin symptoms often reveal hormonal imbalances in PCOS.
January 2008 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Children receive less than half of recommended health care, and routine hormonal testing for female-pattern hair loss is unnecessary without other androgen excess symptoms.
June 2003 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey” After chemotherapy for a gestational trophoblastic tumor, normal pregnancy rates are possible, but there's a slightly higher risk of the tumor reoccurring in future pregnancies.
June 2003 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey” Postmenopausal ovary stromal cells have a unique makeup and limited steroid production, suggesting androgens come from the adrenal gland.
14 citations
,
December 2003 in “Medical Hypotheses” Male-pattern baldness might be caused by the effect of hormones on scalp blood vessels.
57 citations
,
April 2009 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Steroidogenesis inhibitors change but don't stop androgen production in prostate cancer.
51 citations
,
August 2012 in “Differentiation” Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.
35 citations
,
January 2014 in “BioMed Research International” Female pattern hair loss involves hormonal factors, genetics, and may be linked to low ferritin levels.
23 citations
,
January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” FPHL causes hair loss in women due to genetics and hormones; minoxidil and anti-androgens are treatments, and early intervention is advised.