18 citations
,
January 2001 in “Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry” Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) are drugs that can control the effects of androgens in different tissues, potentially having fewer side effects and promising for treating various conditions.
11 citations
,
August 2009 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery” We need better ways to test and understand SARMs to make safer and more effective treatments.
2 citations
,
June 2022 in “대한스포츠의학회지” Anabolic steroids boost muscle growth, SARMs increase muscle mass and bone density without side effects, and myostatin inhibitors block a protein that stops muscle growth, but each has potential risks.
2 citations
,
December 2013 in “Cancer research” Enobosarm may effectively treat androgen receptor-positive breast cancer with fewer side effects.
2 citations
,
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” SARMs show promise but need more evidence to prove they're better than traditional androgens.
1 citations
,
November 2008 in “Acta crystallographica” Scientists successfully created and analyzed the structure of a part of the human androgen receptor with specific modulators and a peptide to understand how it binds differently in various tissues.
May 2013 in “UTUPub (University of Turku)” Including androgens in hormone therapy may lower breast cancer risk.
306 citations
,
August 2011 in “Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle” Enobosarm significantly increased muscle mass and improved physical function in elderly men and postmenopausal women without serious side effects.
56 citations
,
July 2014 in “PloS one” SARMs may be an effective treatment for a certain type of breast cancer by blocking cancer growth and spread.
19 citations
,
July 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” GTx-024 and Danazol affect the uterus like DHT, while GTx-007 has little impact.
July 2025 in “Medical Science” Anabolic steroids and SARMs can cause serious liver damage.
28 citations
,
November 2004 in “Endocrinology” SARMs may offer benefits by boosting muscle effects without unwanted side effects.
9 citations
,
August 2000 in “Journal of Periodontal Research” Finasteride reduces testosterone conversion, progesterone lessens this, and levamisole enhances finasteride's effect.
22 citations
,
November 2011 in “Journal of Analytical Toxicology” Scientists have developed a new method to detect steroid abuse in athletes using cell-based tests, which could be the future of anti-doping methods.
35 citations
,
October 2011 in “Medicine and science in sports and exercise” Muscles can make their own androgens, which may help muscle growth.
21 citations
,
March 2019 in “Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences” The androgen receptor is a promising target for breast cancer treatment, especially in triple-negative cases, but more research is needed for personalized therapies.
20 citations
,
September 2005 in “Endocrinology” Certain changes to the B-ring of androgen receptor ligands can increase their effectiveness for potential treatments of muscle and bone conditions.
17 citations
,
January 2015 in “MedChemComm” New treatments for prostate cancer are less toxic and show promise, but more research is needed to enhance their effectiveness and reduce side effects.
16 citations
,
January 2003 in “Nuclear Receptor Signaling” Androgens and SARMs play a role in body mass, frailty, skin health, and hair growth, and are used in treating prostate cancer, acne, and hair loss, with potential for new uses and improved versions in the future.
2 citations
,
November 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” Different substances that activate or block the androgen receptor can affect male development and treat conditions like prostate cancer.
1 citations
,
January 2013 in “MedChemComm” PF-05314882 selectively activates androgen receptors without much effect on prostate and may help in prostate cancer treatment and hair loss prevention.
March 2008 in “The Knowledge Bank (The Ohio State University)” SARM-induced changes in the androgen receptor are specific to each ligand and affect stability and protein interactions.
January 2008 in “OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)” SARMs work differently in tissues due to unique interactions and structures.
14 citations
,
March 2010 in “Gynecological endocrinology” New treatments for excessive hair growth in women include insulin modulators and enzyme inhibitors.
123 citations
,
February 2002 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Minoxidil can cause skin allergy; use alternative solvents or treatments if allergic.
441 citations
,
May 2008 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.
23 citations
,
August 2005 in “Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy” New treatments for low male hormones improved sexual function and mood but had unclear risks, especially for older men.
5 citations
,
January 2017 in “Endocrinology” Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.
77 citations
,
May 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.
34 citations
,
December 2012 in “Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care” Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.