November 2022 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” PT-20 did not significantly improve gray hair repigmentation.
August 2025 in “Annals of Medicine” Mycophenolate mofetil may safely help restore skin color in depigmentation conditions.
10 citations
,
July 2022 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Melasma's causes include genetics, sun exposure, hormones, and oxidative stress, and understanding these can help create better treatments.
3 citations
,
November 2023 in “Frontiers in cell and developmental biology” Melanocytes are important for skin and hair color and protect the skin from UV damage.
11 citations
,
August 2006 in “Cell Biology International” Endothelin-1 helps amelanotic melanocytes stick and move better on certain proteins.
April 2024 in “The Indonesian Biomedical Journal” Melanocyte stem cells from non-affected skin in vitiligo patients can become functional melanocytes for potential therapy.
23 citations
,
March 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” ATP increases melanin production in skin after UV exposure, with the P2X7 receptor being crucial for this process.
16 citations
,
October 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Normal human melanocytes can avoid cell death through multiple pathways.
November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A new molecule was found to be a safe and effective skin lightener and anti-aging product.
January 2026 in “Figshare” Finasteride can cause melasma, especially in people with darker skin.
September 2012 in “British Small Animal Veterinary Association eBooks” The document concludes that pigmentation disorders in animals involve complex interactions between melanocytes and keratinocytes.
144 citations
,
December 2017 in “Pigment cell & melanoma research” Melasma is now considered a skin aging disorder caused by sun exposure in people with a genetic tendency, which impacts treatment and prevention approaches.
November 2021 in “CRC Press eBooks” Hair color is determined by melanin and can be affected by genetic conditions like albinism.
70 citations
,
December 2004 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” BMP signaling affects hair color by interacting with the MC-1R pathway.
April 2026 in “The FASEB Journal” Exosomal miR-199a-3p from dermal papilla cells helps control hair color by affecting melanocytes.
85 citations
,
July 2002 in “Pigment Cell Research” The article concludes that while we understand a lot about how melanocytes age and how this can prevent cancer, there are still unanswered questions about certain pathways and genes involved.
May 2026 in “Materials Today Bio” The nanocomplex protects hair from UV damage and strengthens it.
12 citations
,
September 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-20 may help reduce hair greying and increase melanin production.
240 citations
,
April 2011 in “Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research” Melanocyte stem cells in hair follicles are key for hair color and could help treat greying and pigment disorders.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Hedgehog pathway inhibitors could be effective in treating melanoma.
6 citations
,
March 2009 in “Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research” A sphingolipid from human placenta may help treat vitiligo by activating melanocyte stem cells.
PMEE may help reverse greying hair by boosting melanin production.
109 citations
,
July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hair color production is closely linked to the active growth phase of hair in mice and may also influence hair growth itself.
32 citations
,
October 2004 in “Experimental Dermatology” α-MSH may help treat skin inflammation and fibrosis.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” BMP signaling is important for skin color, affecting melanin production, pigment spread, and cell movement.
2 citations
,
January 1999 in “Dermatology” 10 citations
,
November 2009 in “Pigment cell & melanoma research” The document concludes that MGRN1 affects mouse fur color by interfering with a receptor's signaling, but its full role in the body is still unknown.
February 2026 in “Case Reports in Dermatology” Finasteride can cause melasma, especially in people with darker skin.
January 2016 in “Experimental Dermatology” New findings suggest potential treatments for melanoma, hyperpigmentation, hair defects, and multiple sclerosis, and show skin microbiome changes don't cause atopic dermatitis.
30 citations
,
June 2006 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Oral zinc sulphate reduces dark hair color in mice.