research Skin regional specification and higher-order HoxC regulation
A specific DNA duplication in Polish chickens affects feather shape by altering gene expression.
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30 / 1000+ resultsresearch Evolution of hard proteins in the sauropsid integument in relation to the cornification of skin derivatives in amniotes
Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
research Convergent Evolution of Cysteine-Rich Keratins in Hard Skin Appendages of Terrestrial Vertebrates
Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
research SKPs Derive from Hair Follicle Precursors and Exhibit Properties of Adult Dermal Stem Cells
SKPs are similar to adult skin stem cells and could help in skin repair and hair growth.
research Molecular signaling in feather morphogenesis
Feather growth and regeneration involve complex patterns, stem cells, and evolutionary insights.
research Comprehensive molecular and cellular studies suggest avian scutate scales are secondarily derived from feathers, and more distant from reptilian scales
Bird scales evolved from feathers, not reptile scales.
research Immunolocalization of a Histidine-Rich Epidermal Differentiation Protein in the Chicken Supports the Hypothesis of an Evolutionary Developmental Link between the Embryonic Subperiderm and Feather Barbs and Barbules
A specific protein in chicken embryos links early skin layers to feather development.
research Review: Evolution and diversification of corneous beta‐proteins, the characteristic epidermal proteins of reptiles and birds
Corneous beta-proteins evolved uniquely in reptiles and birds, forming scales, claws, beaks, and feathers.
research remarks on the evolution of the integumental scale armour
Pangolin scales evolved for protection, hardening with age, due to keratin gene diversification.
research Reptile scale paradigm: Evo-Devo, pattern formation and regeneration
Reptile scales help us understand the evolution of skin features like hair and feathers.
research Identification of reptilian genes encoding hair keratin-like proteins suggests a new scenario for the evolutionary origin of hair
Reptiles have genes similar to hair proteins, suggesting hair's genetic origins predate mammals.
research Dermo‐epidermal interactions in reptilian scales: Speculations on the evolution of scales, feathers, and hairs
Reptilian scales, feathers, and hairs evolved from changes in skin cell interactions.
research Transient agonism of the sonic hedgehog pathway triggers a permanent transition of skin appendage fate in the chicken embryo
Activating the sonic hedgehog pathway in chicken embryos can permanently change scales to feathers.
research Convergent evolution has led to the loss of claw proteins in snakes and worm lizards
Snakes and worm lizards lost claw proteins due to similar evolutionary changes.
research Ultrastructural localization of hair keratin homologs in the claw of the lizard Anolis carolinensis
Lizard claws have hair-like keratins similar to those in mammals.
research Cornification in reptilian epidermis occurs through the deposition of keratin‐associated beta‐proteins (beta‐keratins) onto a scaffold of intermediate filament keratins
Reptile skin hardens by layering beta-proteins on keratin.
research The Story of the Finest Armor: Developmental Aspects of Reptile Skin
Reptile skin protects and prevents water loss, helping them adapt to land.
research Molecular and Cellular Characterization of Avian Reticulate Scales Implies the Evo–Devo Novelty of Skin Appendages in Foot Sole
Bird foot scales develop differently and can repair but not fully regenerate due to the lack of specialized stem cell areas.
research Evo Devo of the Vertebrates Integument
The skin systems of jawed vertebrates evolved diverse appendages like hair and scales from a common structure over 420 million years ago.
research Terrestrial vertebrates have two keratin gene clusters; striking differences in teleost fish
Terrestrial vertebrates have balanced keratin gene clusters, unlike teleost fish.
research Recurrent functional divergence of early tetrapod keratins in amphibian toe pads and mammalian hair
Early tetrapod keratins evolved into toe pad proteins in amphibians and hair proteins in mammals.
research Cornified Epithelial Teeth of Jawless Vertebrates Contain Proteins Similar to Keratin-Associated Proteins of Mammalian Skin Appendages
Jawless vertebrates have teeth proteins similar to those in mammalian hair and nails.
research Immunolocalization of Scaffoldin, a Trichohyalin‐Like Protein, in the Epidermis of the Chicken Embryo
Scaffoldin helps form hard skin structures in chicken embryos.
research Trichohyalin-Like Proteins Have Evolutionarily Conserved Roles in the Morphogenesis of Skin Appendages
Trichohyalin-like proteins are essential for the development of skin structures like hair, nails, and feathers.
research Feather arrays are patterned by interacting signalling and cell density waves
Feather patterns in birds are shaped by signaling interactions and cell movements, with EDA/EDAR crucial for pattern formation.
research Development, Regeneration, and Evolution of Feathers
Feathers are crucial for understanding bird evolution, development, and have inspired biomimetic research.
research cDermo-1 misexpression induces dense dermis, feathers, and scales
cDermo-1 causes dense skin, feathers, and scales in chickens.
research The regeneration of caudal epidermal specializations inLygodactylus picturatus keniensis (gekkonidae, Lacertilia)
Lizards can regrow their tail scales with the same structure, distribution, and gender-specific features as the original ones, and this unique ability is not seen in adult mammals.
research Embryonic keratinization in vertebrates in relation to land colonization
Keratinization in embryos helped vertebrates adapt to land by forming a protective skin barrier.
research Cryptic Patterning of Avian Skin Confers a Developmental Facility for Loss of Neck Feathering
Birds can lose neck feathers due to a genetic change that increases a gene's activity, helping them adapt to heat.