August 2020 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Finasteride, at doses of 5mg or higher, may negatively affect male fertility by reducing the expression of certain genes involved in sperm production.
48 citations
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February 2006 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” 5α-reductase inhibitors may reduce male fertility and could be used for male contraception.
May 2003 in “Reactions Weekly” September 2003 in “Reactions Weekly” 
28 citations
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January 1991 in “Reproductive Toxicology” Finasteride temporarily lowers male rat fertility without affecting libido.
May 2015 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Finasteride for hair loss increases risk of sexual dysfunction in young men.
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2 citations
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March 2017 in “Canadian Urological Association journal” Clomiphene citrate improves fertility in men taking finasteride for hair loss.
Unexplained anemia in older men may be linked to urological issues like urinary retention.
September 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Men and women in infertile couples feel using donor sperm may cause more stress and marital issues than using donor eggs.
April 2020 in “Archivos españoles de urología” Dutasteride does not seem to change rat spermatogenesis or oxidative stress.
March 2014 in “The Journal of Urology” Long-term treatment with finasteride or combined therapy worsens sexual function in men with urinary issues.
May 2017 in “Urology and andrology” Finasteride and dutasteride, used for prostate issues and hair loss, can cause side effects like sexual dysfunction and mental issues, which may continue even after stopping the medication, a condition called post-finasteride syndrome, for which there's currently no cure.
2 citations
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March 2022 in “Laboratory Animal Research” A mild botulinum toxin injection improved sperm production and movement in aging mice.
October 2023 in “IJEM case reports” A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.
Adherence to finasteride treatment for prostate issues is generally low.
September 2018 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” 6 citations
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November 2018 in “Journal of molecular histology” Testosterone increases fluid secretion and aquaporin expression in the vas deferens, which is important for male fertility.
2 citations
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September 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Adult offspring of sperm donation generally feel positive about their conception and view the donor as their biological father.
Finasteride causes reproductive changes in male rats.
1 citations
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January 2002 in “Yaoxue jinzhan” Finasteride reduces sperm count and affects male reproductive function, while Epristeride does not.
1 citations
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April 2025 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Hair loss in alopecia areata can negatively affect sexual quality of life.
4 citations
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September 2020 in “Andrologia” Oregano extract helps fix testis and sperm damage caused by finasteride.
13 citations
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June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” 
1 citations
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August 2025 in “Daehan saengsik uihak hoeji/Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine” BMI should be considered in future research on dutasteride's effects on fertility.
9 citations
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August 1992 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” 111 citations
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May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Insufficient androgen action in male fetuses can cause genital development issues due to genetic mutations or environmental chemicals.
December 2021 in “BMJ Open” Androgenetic alopecia in men aged 46 is not significantly linked to depression, anxiety, quality of life, self-esteem, or sexual symptoms.
August 2025 in “Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association” Skin issues might be linked to infertility.