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GlossaryAutoantibodies

immune proteins mistakenly attacking body's own tissues

Autoantibodies are immune system proteins that mistakenly target and attack the body's own tissues, rather than foreign invaders like bacteria or viruses. This can lead to autoimmune diseases, where the body's immune response causes damage to its own cells and organs. For example, in alopecia areata, autoantibodies attack hair follicles, leading to hair loss.

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The Use of Auto-Antibody Testing in the Evaluation of Interstitial Lung Disease: A Practical Approach for the Pulmonologist

research The use of auto-antibody testing in the evaluation of interstitial lung disease (ILD) – A practical approach for the pulmonologist

26 citations , February 2016 in “Respiratory Medicine”

Auto-antibody testing is a useful but not definitive tool in diagnosing interstitial lung diseases, and using a specific algorithm could make testing more cost-effective.

Preferential Recognition of Hydroxyl Radical-Modified Superoxide Dismutase by Circulating Autoantibodies in Patients with Alopecia Areata

research Preferential Recognition of Hydroxyl Radical-Modified Superoxide Dismutase by Circulating Autoantibodies in Patients with Alopecia Areata

12 citations , January 2014 in “Annals of Dermatology”

Modified superoxide dismutase may trigger an autoimmune response in alopecia areata.

research 0040 Machine learning algorithms as tools for identifying predictive autoantibody biomarkers in pemphigus vulgaris

July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Machine learning can help identify biomarkers for personalized Pemphigus vulgaris treatment.

research IMPORTANCE OF SEQUENTIAL FOLLOW-UP OF AUTOANTIBODIES IN ANA-POSITIVE PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE HAIR LOSS

May 2025 in “The Journal of Rheumatology”

Regular monitoring of autoantibodies in ANA-positive patients with hair loss helps detect and treat lupus early.

New Insights Into the Phenomenon of Remissions and Relapses in Autoimmune Diseases and the Puzzle of Benign Autoantibodies in Healthy Individuals

research New insights into the phenomenon of remissions and relapses in autoimmune diseases and the puzzle of benign autoantibodies in healthy individuals

May 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

Autoimmune diseases with high tissue recovery often relapse and remit, while those with low recovery rarely remit.

research Autoantibodies in Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Cluster Analysis and its Clinical Implications in Indian Children

March 2023 in “Indian Journal of Rheumatology”

Testing for various autoantibodies in Indian children with lupus can help predict disease symptoms and risks.

research Autoantibodies in Pediatric SLE: Cluster Analysis and Clinical Associations, a Single Centre Cohort Study

January 2020 in “SSRN Electronic Journal”

Different autoantibody groups in pediatric SLE are linked to specific symptoms and disease outcomes.

research Autoantibodies to Hair Follicles in C3H/HeJ Mice With Alopecia Areata–Like Hair Loss

72 citations , September 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

research Epitopes, avidity and IgG subclasses of tyrosine hydroxylase autoantibodies in vitiligo and alopecia areata patients

7 citations , February 2012 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

TH antibodies in vitiligo and AA patients recognize the same protein parts.

Tracking Down Autoantibodies in a 31-Year-Old IT Engineer Post Pfizer COVID-19 Vaccine

research P063 Tracking down autoantibodies

1 citations , April 2022 in “Rheumatology”

A man developed autoimmune symptoms after the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine, highlighting the need for thorough vaccine safety checks.

research Prevalence and Levels of Thyroid Autoantibodies in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome—Impact of TSH- and BMI-Matched Comparisons: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

3 citations , August 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

Women with PCOS have higher levels of thyroid autoantibodies.

The Prevalence of Thyroid Function Test Abnormalities and Serum Thyroid Autoantibodies in Vitiligo and Alopecia Areata Patients in the Saudi Arabian Population

research The prevalence of thyroid function test abnormalities and serum thyroid autoantibodies in vitiligo and alopecia areata patients in Saudi Arabian population

February 2024 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology”

Thyroid tests may not be needed for all vitiligo and alopecia areata patients unless thyroid disease symptoms appear.

research Combined C3b and Factor B Autoantibodies and MPGN Type II

97 citations , December 2011 in “New England Journal of Medicine”

The FDA did not approve certain drugs for prostate cancer prevention due to concerns about their effectiveness and potential risks.

research Late Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Clinical and Autoantibody Profile and its Comparison with Young Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2 citations , December 2023 in “Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology”

Late onset SLE has different symptoms and antibody profiles compared to young onset SLE.

GPX4 mRNA Levels in Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils Are Negatively Correlated with Autoantibody Production, Disease Activity, and Lupus Alopecia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

research GPX4 mRNA levels in the PMNs are negatively correlated with autoantibody production, disease activity and lupus alopecia in SLE

April 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)”

Lower GPX4 mRNA levels are linked to higher disease activity and symptoms in lupus patients.

research Characterization of Hair Follicle Antigens Targeted by the Anti-Hair Follicle Immune Response

148 citations , September 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings”

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder causing hair loss, linked to specific hair follicle antigens and genetic factors.

research THE PATHOGENESIS OF ALOPECIA AREATA

89 citations , October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

Alopecia areata is likely caused by a combination of genetic factors and immune system dysfunction, and may represent different diseases with various causes.

research Tyrosine Kinases in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Skin Diseases

88 citations , August 2019 in “Frontiers in immunology”

Tyrosine kinases are important in skin autoimmune diseases and could be targets for new treatments.

research Oxidative DNA Damage Accelerates Skin Inflammation in Pristane-Induced Lupus Model

48 citations , September 2020 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

Loss of OGG1 increases skin inflammation and auto-antibodies in lupus.

research What's new in the pathogeneses and triggering factors of bullous pemphigoid

46 citations , November 2022 in “The Journal of Dermatology”

Bullous pemphigoid is influenced by genetic factors, immune cell dysfunction, aging, and triggers, with treatment often improving symptoms.

Breakdown of Immune Tolerance in AIRE-Deficient Rats Induces a Severe Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy–Candidiasis–Ectodermal Dystrophy–Like Autoimmune Disease

research Breakdown of Immune Tolerance in AIRE-Deficient Rats Induces a Severe Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy–Candidiasis–Ectodermal Dystrophy–like Autoimmune Disease

26 citations , June 2018 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology”

AIRE-deficient rats developed severe autoimmune disease similar to APECED, useful for testing treatments.

research Recurrence of Pemphigus Vulgaris Associated With Interleukin 2 Therapy

25 citations , July 1994 in “Archives of Dermatology”

A man's skin condition, pemphigus vulgaris, came back after he was treated with interleukin 2 for cancer.

research Regulatory T cells in autoimmune skin diseases

24 citations , March 2018 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Treg dysfunction is linked to various autoimmune skin diseases, and understanding Treg properties is key for new treatments.