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Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.

Estrogens and progesterone are key in regulating melasma pigmentation.

Both finasteride and drospirenone treatments improved symptoms and increased pregnancy rates in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Prostaglandin E2 helps prevent hair loss from radiotherapy by protecting hair growth cells and aiding self-repair.

GnRH-a or orchiectomy is more effective than anti-androgens for managing hormone levels in transgender women.

Oriental herbal medicine with moxibustion may improve pregnancy rates and other symptoms in PCOS, but more high-quality research is needed.

Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.

Hair levels of estradiol and progesterone are higher in premenopausal than postmenopausal women, but the difference isn't statistically significant, indicating the need for a better measurement method.

Antiandrogens affect androgen-dependent body functions and are used for various medical conditions, with some risks like fetus feminization, but new forms like 17α-propylmesterolone show promise for acne without systemic effects.

Inhibiting 5α-reductase increases progesterone levels in late pregnant mares.

Medroxyprogesterone acetate iontophoresis safely and effectively reduces facial hair growth in women.

A 77-year-old woman with hair loss had high testosterone and 17OH-progesterone levels, but no significant findings on imaging.

Evening primrose oil significantly improves hormone levels and reduces BMI and cholesterol in women with PCOS.

Combining a GnRH agonist with a low-dose oral contraceptive is more effective and safer for treating hirsutism than using either alone.

Newer low-dose oral contraceptives with less androgenic effects improve patient compliance.

Progesterone and allopregnanolone increase glycine release in rat brain cells.

Leuprolide effectively reduces hair growth in hirsute women at higher doses.

Progesterone significantly reduces neuroblastoma tumor growth without harming healthy cells.

Oral contraceptives with cyproterone acetate improved quality of life for women with PCOS more than those with levonorgestrel.

Most patients with PCOS were prescribed medroxyprogesterone acetate or oral contraceptives, with some experiencing side effects or needing prescription changes.

Certain chemical changes to cortisol and progesterone can increase or decrease their ability to inhibit hair growth.

Including androgens in hormone therapy may lower breast cancer risk.

Scientists made two new chemicals that might help treat diseases caused by male hormones.

A mix of Polygonatum sibiricum and Nelumbinis semen may ease menopause symptoms with fewer side effects.

Some newly made compounds are promising for treating enlarged prostate, hair loss, viruses, and prostate cancer, and might be better than current drugs.

Some birth control pills have a higher risk of blood clots than others.

Bicalutamide mesotherapy improved hair density in women with hair loss and was well received.

Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.