July 2025 in “Clinical Dermatology Review” Azathioprine can cause unexpected hair loss and severe bone marrow issues, so careful monitoring is needed.
October 2023 in “The Cochrane library” The medicine baricitinib was found to notably improve hair regrowth in alopecia areata, but more research is needed on its side effects and other treatments.
2 citations
,
August 2024 in “Preprints.org” Fluocinolone may help treat scalp symptoms in ichthyosis patients.
4 citations
,
May 2025 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Extracellular vesicles may help prevent and repair spine disc degeneration.
October 2025 in “Dermatologica Sinica” A personalized treatment combining traditional and new therapies may improve hair loss outcomes in alopecia areata.
1 citations
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January 2018 in “Cogent Medicine” Careful management of steroid use is crucial in pregnant women with bullous pemphigoid to avoid complications like Cushing syndrome.
December 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A specific type of immune cell plays a key role in causing alopecia areata and could be a target for treatment.
79 citations
,
February 2009 in “Human Genetics” 20 citations
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December 2020 in “Frontiers in Immunology” The immune processes causing VKH and vitiligo are similar in dogs and humans.
40 citations
,
August 2021 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” The subcutaneous fascia is key to fast wound healing and could improve treatments for chronic wounds and scarring.
198 citations
,
March 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Keratin 15 helps maintain tissue integrity and is reduced in activated keratinocytes.
18 citations
,
October 2022 in “Biomedicines” Regenerative treatments for vitiligo show promise but need more research for long-term safety and effectiveness.
August 2025 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” Accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment are crucial in dermatopathology.
1 citations
,
January 2021 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Careful histologic examination is crucial to differentiate types of bullous lesions in cutaneous lupus erythematosus.
15 citations
,
January 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology” The document concludes that understanding and treatments for alopecia areata have significantly advanced, now recognizing it as an autoimmune disorder.
February 2026 in “Exploration” Advancements in gene therapy, stem cells, and biomaterials show promise for reducing scarring in wound healing, but face clinical challenges.
January 2025 in “Journal of the Egyptian Womenʼs Dermatologic Society” Both cryotherapy and FCO2 laser are effective and safe for treating patchy alopecia areata.
72 citations
,
July 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Desmoglein 1 can partly make up for the loss of Desmoglein 3 in hair adhesion but not in mucous membranes.
35 citations
,
May 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Monilethrix involves multiple genes affecting hair structure, including DSG4 mutations.
1 citations
,
February 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Irwin Freedberg greatly advanced dermatology research and mentored many future scientists.
November 2025 in “American Journal of Case Reports” Genetic testing is crucial for diagnosing and treating acrodermatitis enteropathica effectively.
1 citations
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June 2023 in “Medicina” People with Epidermolysis bullosa have many health problems including poor oral health, which is often neglected due to other medical issues.
June 2025 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Oral minoxidil is a safe and effective treatment for alopecia, improving hair growth with minor side effects.
85 citations
,
November 2004 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” The 308-nm excimer laser helps hair regrowth in some alopecia areata cases but not all.
22 citations
,
November 2020 in “International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health” Hidradenitis suppurativa negatively affects patients' sexual lives and relationships, highlighting the need for better support and communication about sexual health.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “iScience” A protein called desmoglein 3 is important for keeping hair follicle stem cells inactive and helps in their regeneration.
1 citations
,
August 2023 in “Biomolecules” Certain immune-related proteins are higher in people with alopecia and their healthy relatives, hinting at a genetic link.
June 2009 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” A woman was diagnosed with porphyria cutanea tarda and improved with phlebotomy and lifestyle changes.
60 citations
,
December 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” K6hf is found in specific parts of hair follicles, nails, and tongue, and is linked to hair growth and structure.
11 citations
,
April 2025 in “Pharmaceutics” New treatments like plant extracts, nanocarriers, and 3D bioprinting show promise for hair loss, but more research is needed.