Real-World Evidence in Alopecia Areata Treatment: A Narrative Review

The narrative review on alopecia areata (AA) treatment discusses the complexity of managing this autoimmune disorder, affecting 0.5%-2% of the global population. Traditional treatments like corticosteroids and minoxidil have mixed results, while novel therapies such as JAK inhibitors show promise, particularly in moderate-to-severe cases. However, high relapse rates and side effects remain challenges. Combination therapies, including methotrexate and cyclosporine with corticosteroids, improve outcomes in severe cases but also increase side effects. Pediatric treatments require careful management. Emerging therapies like dupilumab and phototherapy show potential but need more evidence. The review highlights the necessity for large-scale trials to establish long-term efficacy and safety, advocating for personalized treatment approaches.