3 citations
,
April 2016 in “Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology” Young female athletes should be informed about health risks like menstrual issues and bone problems from excessive sports.
90 citations
,
February 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.
105 citations
,
February 2011 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Treating sleep apnea in young obese women with PCOS can improve heart health and insulin sensitivity.
A very low-calorie ketogenic diet led to weight loss and improved metabolic and hormonal health in obese men, with better sperm motility.
Women with PCOS have different body composition and some metabolic differences compared to healthy women.
149 citations
,
December 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS have overall higher body fat, not abnormal fat placement, and more insulin resistance.
14 citations
,
August 2014 in “Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism” A low-starch/low-dairy diet may help overweight women with PCOS lose weight and improve metabolism, but more research is needed.
March 2023 in “Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation” Testosterone and finasteride improve body composition in men with spinal cord injury.
September 2018 in “Cumhuriyet medical journal” Women with more body hair tend to have thicker belly fat and more metabolic health issues.
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Removing REDD1 in mice increases skin fat by making fat cells larger and more numerous.
April 2018 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.
Testosterone works in different ways, including direct interaction with its receptor, conversion to other hormones for specific effects on genitalia, hair, bones, and muscle, and changes in body fat and sexual function when low.
21 citations
,
December 2012 in “Biological Trace Element Research” Higher hair levels of calcium and magnesium are linked to higher body weight, while lower levels are linked to worse metabolic health.
21 citations
,
April 2011 in “Physiological Research” Normal levels of DHT can reduce belly fat and increase muscle, but too much can lead to hair loss, prostate issues, and possibly heart disease.
October 2025 in “Biomolecules” Intermittent fasting improves metabolism and reduces obesity by affecting specific molecules in fat tissue.
18 citations
,
September 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Women with PCOS have higher levels of a certain growth factor, which can be reduced by taking metformin.
October 2023 in “Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences” Ongoing follow-up and dietary counseling are crucial for maintaining health benefits after metabolic surgery.
204 citations
,
May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
14 citations
,
May 2013 in “American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism” Removing myelin protein zero-like 3 in mice leads to better metabolism and resistance to obesity.
November 2019 in “Harper's Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology” Children with metabolic syndrome often have skin problems like dark patches, skin tags, stretch marks, infections, acne, and psoriasis, which are linked to obesity and insulin resistance.
38 citations
,
November 2013 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Higher BMI links to worse hair loss in Taiwanese men.
September 2022 in “International Journal of Health Sciences and Research” Resistance training improved BMI and menstrual regularity more in women with PCOS than aerobic training.
124 citations
,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.
June 2024 in “Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal” Thyroid dysfunction worsens symptoms in women with PCOS, so regular thyroid checks are important.
44 citations
,
April 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with PCOS have similar levels of certain proteins compared to women without PCOS, and these proteins don't independently cause PCOS.
3 citations
,
May 2021 in “International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Irisin and GIP levels are not linked to BMI in women, regardless of PCOS status.
February 2024 in “Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology” PCOS women have more arm fat and higher insulin resistance and glucose levels than non-PCOS women.
14 citations
,
October 2020 in “Journal of ethnopharmacology” Lepidium sativum seed extracts helped reduce inflammation and improve insulin response in obese rats on a high-fat diet.
9 citations
,
February 2019 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” Children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia have thicker heart fat and are at higher risk for heart problems and early atherosclerosis.
October 2018 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” Children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia have thicker heart fat and more heart and blood vessel risk factors, especially if their condition is not well-controlled.