32 citations
,
January 2018 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.
6 citations
,
March 2021 in “Frontiers in surgery” A woman's symptoms of increased body hair and testosterone were caused by a rare adrenal tumor, which was removed successfully.
3 citations
,
November 2021 in “IntechOpen eBooks” The testes produce important hormones like testosterone and others that play key roles in male body functions.
October 2023 in “IJEM case reports” A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.
162 citations
,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
430 citations
,
July 2002 in “Journal of Endocrinology” The hypothesis suggests that PCOS may start early in life due to genetic and environmental factors, influencing future reproductive and metabolic problems.
54 citations
,
July 2002 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” DHT, a testosterone byproduct, causes male pattern baldness.
45 citations
,
March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.
41 citations
,
September 2014 in “Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology” Melatonin may help treat PCOS symptoms in rats.
10 citations
,
February 2019 in “Toxicological Sciences” Finasteride exposure affects gene expression and anogenital distance in male rat fetuses.
5 citations
,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
2 citations
,
October 2022 in “Frontiers in genetics” Late diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia can greatly affect physical development, gender identity, and sexual health.
July 2024 in “Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal” Hormonal therapy for transgender individuals carries health risks but is a personal choice.
January 2016 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.
September 2012 in “The Egyptian Journal of Histology” Flutamide caused damage to male rat reproductive organs and may affect fertility.
August 2023 in “Medicina-lithuania” Abusing steroids can damage your heart, muscles, reproductive system, liver, skin, and brain, and may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
October 2022 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that personalized hormonal treatments are important for transgender individuals and more research is needed for non-binary treatments.
8 citations
,
December 2022 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Mice without the enzyme HSD17B3 still produce normal testosterone, suggesting they have different ways to make it compared to humans.
1 citations
,
June 2022 in “Frontiers in Neuroanatomy” Early hormones shape sex-specific differences in rat glands.
50 citations
,
February 2013 in “Annals of Clinical Biochemistry” Understanding how DHT works is important for diagnosing and treating hormone-related disorders.
March 2025 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Dermatologists should guide transgender patients on effective hair growth and loss treatments during hormone therapy.
April 2024 in “Surgical Techniques Development” The 11th AICPE Congress in Rimini was a major event in European aesthetic plastic surgery.
May 2024 in “Scientific Reports” Androgen receptors in the mouse brain may explain cognitive and mood changes in prostate cancer treatment.
38 citations
,
October 2014 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity” 5-alpha reductase deficiency leads to male sexual development issues and treatments like finasteride help with prostate enlargement and hair loss.
16 citations
,
January 2019 in “Kansas journal of medicine” Healthcare providers need better education and policies to serve transgender individuals effectively.
November 2021 in “Khyber Medical University Journal” A rare ovarian tumor caused a postmenopausal woman to develop male-like features, which improved after surgery.
87 citations
,
May 2018 in “Scientific Reports” Higher free testosterone levels in men are linked to a stronger immune response, not weaker.
989 citations
,
August 2007 in “The Lancet” PCOS is a complex condition with major health impacts, needing more research for better diagnosis and treatment.
32 citations
,
April 1994 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” High androgen levels and genetic factors likely cause Becker's nevus and related symptoms.
10 citations
,
May 2009 in “Cases Journal” A woman's masculine symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which improved after surgery.