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Finasteride reduces urinary issues and surgery need in men with enlarged prostates by over 50%.

Finasteride effectively treats BPH but may increase sexual dysfunction risk.

5α-reductase inhibitors and alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists together effectively treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, with long-term benefits.

5-alpha reductase inhibitors may cause sexual side effects, breast complications, and other health risks in men with hair loss.

A new genetic mutation causes severe Leydig cell hypoplasia, affecting sexual development.

Hirsutism is common body hair growth due to genetics and hormones, and while not a disease, it can be distressing; virilisation includes hirsutism with other male traits and needs medical attention.

A 17-year-old female with adrenogenital syndrome produces very high levels of androgens, which prevent complete feminization despite high estrogen doses.

Severe acne in a young girl may indicate underlying hormonal issues.

Using 5-alpha reductase inhibitors may lower the risk of breast cancer in females.

A 24-month-old Nigerian girl developed early puberty with no family history, needing treatment her family couldn't afford.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

New treatments for skin conditions related to the sebaceous gland are being developed based on current research.

Hormonal imbalances can cause skin and hair problems in women, and treatments that block male hormones can help.

The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.

A20 protein is crucial for normal skin and hair development.

The protein folliculin, involved in a rare disease, works with another protein to control how cells stick together and their organization, and changes in this interaction can lead to disease symptoms.

PCOS affects women's health by increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and reproductive issues.

Hirsutism is excessive hair growth in women often caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome, and identifying the cause is important for managing associated health risks.

Evaluate postmenopausal women with high androgen levels using medical history, physical exams, lab tests, and imaging to manage health risks.

Mice with human skin protein K8 had more skin problems and cancer.

Fat cells are important for tissue repair and stem cell support in various body parts.

Most pregnant women experience skin darkening and hair changes, with these effects usually going away after giving birth.

Hormone therapy for transgender females increases the risk of blood clots and requires careful dosing, monitoring, and lifelong management.

SACUMAN, a rare condition causing hair loss without clear signs, is often misdiagnosed and needs scalp biopsies for accurate detection.

Low-dose bisphenol A increases prostate size in rats by affecting certain enzymes.

NGAL may help maintain skin balance and is linked to skin disorders and cancers.