31 citations
,
August 2005 in “The American Journal of Dermatopathology” The study concluded that PKP1 is essential for skin integrity and hair growth, and its dysfunction causes the symptoms of ectodermal dysplasia/skin fragility syndrome.
2 citations
,
September 2008 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Brushing causes more long hair breaks than combing, especially with bleached or wet hair.
1 citations
,
March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Twisting hair weakens it, but strength can be recovered at low twist levels.
20 citations
,
January 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Older people's hair cuticles get more easily damaged and lose protective oils, especially in their 40s and 50s.
Hair can't be as strong as Rapunzel's because it's impractical to scale up due to defects.
3 citations
,
August 1988 in “PubMed”
6 citations
,
August 2012 in “The Journal of Pediatrics” A 12-year-old girl was diagnosed with monilethrix, a genetic condition causing fragile, beaded hair that breaks easily, with no effective treatment available.
Prussian Blue causes hair cuticles to detach, weakening the hair.
Frizzy hair is fragile and can lead to hair loss and damage if not properly cared for.
5 citations
,
January 2020 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” The nail strengthener with Pistacia lentiscus and hyaluronic acid improves brittle nails' appearance and strength.
28 citations
,
November 2009 in “Journal of Structural Biology” High flux X-ray beams quickly damage the structure of human hair.
6 citations
,
January 2016 in “International journal of trichology” Children's hair is more elastic, but tensile strength is similar across different factors.
49 citations
,
September 2004 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Careful light microscopy is crucial for detecting mild cases of pili annulati, which weakens hair and varies widely in expression.
6 citations
,
March 2016 in “PLoS ONE” The patient's hair was thinner and had fewer lipids due to a genetic mutation.
11 citations
,
November 2005 in “The Journal of Dermatology” A man's crushed thumb caused unusual horizontal nail ridges on all fingers of one hand.
March 2026 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Spiny mice have a unique skin structure that helps them heal and regenerate quickly.
8 citations
,
July 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Curly hair is mechanically different from straight hair and may need new testing methods.
January 2017 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Iron deficiency anemia can cause hair breakage.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprology” Hard water increases magnesium deposits on hair without changing its structure.
53 citations
,
September 2004 in “American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics” Mutations in keratin genes cause cell fragility and various skin disorders.
January 2005 in “Seibutsu Butsuri/Seibutsu butsuri” Chemical treatments damage hair more than UV exposure, making it thinner and less flexible.
2 citations
,
January 2018 in “International Journal of Trichology” Two sisters had a rare hair condition without other usual symptoms.
December 2025 in “Biopolymers” Heat worsens damage in chemically treated hair, especially bleached and straightened hair.
33 citations
,
March 2006 in “Seminars in cutaneous medicine and surgery” The document explains how to identify different hair problems using a microscope.
13 citations
,
November 2012 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Curly hair breaks more easily, especially with chemical treatments, but simpler grooming reduces breakage.
33 citations
,
June 2016 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Some congenital hair disorders improve in childhood or with treatments like minoxidil and retinoids, while others like Netherton syndrome and trichothiodystrophy have a poor prognosis.
15 citations
,
January 2011 in “International journal of trichology” Using a hot iron on wet hair can cause dry, brittle hair with air bubbles inside.
January 2010 in “Yearbook of Endocrinology” Older men with lower levels of available testosterone are more likely to be frail.
January 2015 in “Springer eBooks” Hair damage shows as fragility, dullness, and discoloration, varies by ethnicity, and is worsened by cosmetic procedures and diseases.
6 citations
,
October 2006 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Hair splitting and nail detachment are linked conditions.