CD28 is a promising target for treating alopecia areata with belatacept.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The study suggests that a specific type of immune cell, memory-like NK cells, may increase during active hair loss in Alopecia areata.
88 citations
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August 2019 in “Nature communications” Researchers found a specific immune receptor in patients that causes severe skin reactions to a drug.
2 citations
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August 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 89 citations
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March 1996 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” CD18-deficient mice developed psoriasis-like skin disease, useful for studying inflammatory skin disorders.
June 2025 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” In alopecia areata, certain immune cells increase and express a protein linked to immune activation.
1 citations
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November 2002 in “Journal of dermatology” The antibody created from BCC tissues reacts similarly to both BCC and hair follicles, suggesting BCC may come from hair follicle cells.
77 citations
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June 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” CD44 variant changes start alopecia areata, but don't maintain it.
IL-18 signaling helps mature Tregs move into the thymus.
December 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A specific type of immune cell plays a key role in causing alopecia areata and could be a target for treatment.
April 2017 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” B cells can both help and hinder the body's defense against melanoma.
2 citations
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May 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Targeting CD169+ skin macrophages may help treat psoriasis.
July 2023 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Skin tumors with CYLD cutaneous syndrome show more NF-κB activity and less organized collagen.
15 citations
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September 2009 in “European Journal of Histochemistry” CD90 is abundantly present on stem-like cells in dog hair follicles.
23 citations
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July 2023 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” CD8+ T cells drive alopecia areata, while regulatory T cells are protective.
October 2025 in “Cell Death and Disease” CD271 is crucial for maintaining healthy skin and preventing inflammation.
1 citations
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January 2022 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” Higher CD70 and CD27 gene expression in alopecia areata lesions predicts disease severity and activity.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The Fas/FasL pathway may play a role in alopecia areata.
October 1984 in “Immunology Today” 12 citations
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April 2017 in “Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine” Patients with severe active alopecia areata have lower CD200 expression and an imbalance in their immune system.
November 2025 in “The Journal of Immunology” BST2 is highly expressed in certain immune cells in alopecia areata, suggesting a role in the disease.
60 citations
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October 2020 in “Nature Communications” AP-1 and TGFß work together to drive resistance in basal cell carcinoma, suggesting new treatment options.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The role of γδT-cells in causing alopecia areata remains unclear.
64 citations
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July 2016 in “Journal of Immunology” Blocking the CXCR3 receptor reduces T cell accumulation in the skin and prevents hair loss in mice.
7 citations
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December 2016 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” NKG2D+CD4+ T cells are higher in alopecia areata patients and may be involved in the disease.
February 2025 in “PubMed” CS12192 effectively treats alopecia areata with better safety than current options.
Dual TCR Treg cells are common in various mouse tissues and show diverse characteristics.
21 citations
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July 2006 in “Veterinary dermatology” CD34 marks potential stem cells in dog hair follicles.
31 citations
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October 1992 in “PubMed” A mycobacterial protein shares a similar region with a human skin protein, possibly affecting skin diseases.
December 2021 in “Research Square (Research Square)” M-CSF-stimulated myeloid cells can cause alopecia areata in mice.