64 citations
,
March 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” GPRC5D is linked to the formation of hair, nails, and certain tongue areas.
December 2025 in “Pharmaceutics” Personalized skin rejuvenation using genomics shows promise but needs more research.
77 citations
,
April 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Repetin is a protein involved in skin and hair development, binding calcium and compensating for other proteins when needed.
24 citations
,
September 2005 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.
22 citations
,
January 2010 in “Humana Press eBooks” The vitamin D receptor can affect gene activity even without its usual hormone in hair and skin.
June 2024 in “Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal” Multi-omics techniques help understand the molecular causes of androgenetic alopecia.
234 citations
,
April 2000 in “Gene” Msx and Dlx genes are crucial for development, controlling cell behaviors like growth and differentiation through their roles as gene regulators.
42 citations
,
March 2008 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Hormones and neuroendocrine factors control hair growth and color, and more research could lead to new hair treatment options.
September 2016 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” Higher RBP4 levels found in people with two types of hair loss.
4 citations
,
May 2018 in “Electronic Journal of Biotechnology” All-trans retinoic acid at high doses harms goat hair growth cells and could be bad for hair growth.
51 citations
,
March 2014 in “Nature Communications” Skin tumor regression is helped by retinoic acid signaling blocking Wnt signaling.
2 citations
,
November 2017 in “PloS one” Some vitamin D analogs can thicken skin and reduce pore size like a common acne treatment, with one analog also affecting skin growth factors.
92 citations
,
June 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” All-trans retinoic acid causes hair loss by increasing TGF-β2 in hair follicle cells.
1 citations
,
May 2013 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” Women with idiopathic hirsutism and PCOS have higher RBP4 levels, and PCOS is linked to greater insulin resistance; weight management may help both conditions.
127 citations
,
July 2002 in “EMBO journal” Normal skin cell renewal doesn't need RAR signaling, but vitamin A-related skin thickening does.
50 citations
,
September 2023 in “Biomarker Research” S100A6 is important for cell functions and can help diagnose and treat diseases.
106 citations
,
April 2010 in “ACS Nano” C60 fullerenes can alter protein function and may help develop new disease inhibitors.
48 citations
,
June 2013 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Valproic acid may help hair grow and could be a safe treatment for hair loss.
5 citations
,
January 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document concludes that cosmetics need biocompatible, eco-friendly ingredients due to aging populations and demand for effective products.
6 citations
,
June 2021 in “Developmental biology” Dermal EZH2 controls skin cell development and hair growth in mice.
November 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Dermal EZH2 controls skin cell growth and differentiation in mice.
28 citations
,
October 2019 in “Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology” Hair can regrow in large wounds through a process similar to how hair forms in embryos, and understanding this could lead to new treatments for hair loss or scarring.
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Retinoic acid may help heal skin without scars by reducing fibrosis and supporting skin regeneration.
4 citations
,
September 2012 in “Journal of dermatological science” The hair follicle's connective tissue is a key source of a certain collagen in human scalp skin.
31 citations
,
January 1981 in “Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Oral retinoids are effective for treating severe skin disorders but have reversible side effects and risks for pregnant women.
3 citations
,
September 2019 in “PLOS ONE” Genetic variations affect dutasteride treatment response for male pattern hair loss.
January 2019 in “Advances in stem cells and their niches” Skin health and repair depend on the signals between skin stem cells and their surrounding cells.
52 citations
,
June 1981 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Oral retinoids are effective for severe skin conditions but require careful use due to side effects.
December 2025 in “Scientific Reports” α-Mangostin can naturally lighten skin by reducing melanin.
19 citations
,
April 2015 in “Developmental Dynamics” The conclusion is that skin and hair patterns are formed by a mix of cell activities, molecular signals, and environmental factors.