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January 2023 in “Bioresource Technology Reports” Enzymes can release hydrocarbons from Botryococcus braunii without harming cells, suggesting potential for continuous extraction.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Human TMEM2 does not break down hyaluronan but helps control its metabolism.
February 2026 in “UiTM Institutional Repositories (Universiti Teknologi MARA)” Cis-UCA can form new compounds without enzymes, and sulphide donors reduce its UVB-induced toxicity in skin cells.
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December 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Enzymes called PADIs play a key role in hair growth and loss.
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August 2004 in “Tetrahedron” Scientists made all eight versions of a compound called cyoctol, but found it's not an anti-androgen and it fully breaks down in the skin.
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November 2011 in “The Journal of Dermatology” New understanding of the causes of primary cicatricial alopecia has led to better diagnosis and potential new treatments.
July 2026 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” TCDD exposure causes sebaceous glands to differentiate and produce more lipids before shrinking.
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May 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Glycerol is essential for skin hydration in mice without sebaceous glands.
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May 2015 in “Endocrinology” Manipulating 5α-reductase type 2 can affect liver fat production and glucocorticoid effects.
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February 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Overexpression of SSAT causes hair loss and skin issues, but reducing putrescine can help.
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November 2021 in “Annual review of pathology” Lysophospholipids like LPA and S1P are important for hair growth, immune responses, and vascular development, and could be targeted for treating diseases.
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December 2004 in “PubMed” Cyclosporin A vesicles effectively regrow hair and reduce inflammation in alopecia areata.
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October 2024 in “Heliyon” CYP154C7 enzyme can effectively modify steroids and is promising for commercial use.
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February 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Lipocartilage is a new type of tissue that affects hair growth and cartilage regeneration.
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August 2023 in “Nature communications” Hdac1 and Hdac2 help maintain and protect the cells that control hair growth.
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November 2022 in “Frontiers in molecular biosciences” Plasmalogens activate a channel in cells that may stimulate hair growth.
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May 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.
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June 2010 in “Biological Chemistry” Cathepsin L deficiency causes large, abnormal cell structures and health issues in mice.
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September 2024 in “Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology” Malassezia furfur lipids improve skin health at pH 6.
Cadd4 effectively reduces cholesterol levels without side effects.
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July 2002 in “EMBO journal” Normal skin cell renewal doesn't need RAR signaling, but vitamin A-related skin thickening does.
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December 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The SYP123-VAMP727 complex is important for transporting materials that harden the root hair shank in Arabidopsis.
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May 2019 in “Human gene therapy” MC-DNA vector-based gene therapy can temporarily treat CBS deficiency in mice.
July 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The structure of SRD5A reveals how it reduces steroids, aiding drug design for related health conditions.
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March 2012 in “Development” Drosha and Dicer are essential for hair follicle health and preventing DNA damage in skin cells.