22 citations
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November 2014 in “Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics” Cysteines in wool fibers are accessible and form important disulfide bonds.
16 citations
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June 2015 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The enzyme DHHC13 is essential for healthy hair and skin, and its deficiency leads to hair loss and skin problems.
62 citations
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August 2006 in “Journal of Chromatography B” Modern techniques have improved the understanding of keratin proteins, revealing their roles in various cells and potential in disease diagnosis.
23 citations
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April 2003 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Keratin structure changes during keratinization, but the exact model remains uncertain.
November 2025 in “Chemistry - An Asian Journal” EISA uses enzymes to create precise nanostructures in cells, offering new ways to design adaptive materials and therapies.
32 citations
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May 1999 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” A new enzyme, BSSP, is found in high amounts in the hair follicles of nude mice.
5 citations
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January 2022 in “Scientific reports” The research identified two types of keratinocytes in chicken scales: one for hard scales and another for soft skin, with similarities to human skin differentiation.
4 citations
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January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” Natural polymers can protect, repair, and promote hair regrowth.
1 citations
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January 1992 in “DNA sequence” Researchers found a non-functional sheep keratin gene due to mutations.
22 citations
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December 2016 in “PloS one” A specific protein in chicken embryos links early skin layers to feather development.
27 citations
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November 1991 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 33 citations
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October 2012 in “Journal of Morphology” Reptile skin hardens by layering beta-proteins on keratin.
6 citations
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January 2010 in “Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology” The ID2 gene can help distinguish between sensitizers and irritants in skin cells.
January 2019 in “Durham e-Theses (Durham University)” Advanced microscopy shows hair damage and keratin proteins' roles, aiding future cosmetic treatments.
43 citations
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October 2006 in “Journal of Cell Science” Keratin 10 end domains may increase skin cancer risk by reducing cell death.
29 citations
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February 2001 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” A specific DNA region controls skin cell gene expression by working with certain proteins.
3 citations
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January 2021 in “ScienceAsia” Using an enzyme and keratin treatment can significantly repair and strengthen damaged hair.
98 citations
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December 2015 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Keratin is crucial for skin barrier formation and affects mitochondrial function.
86 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
54 citations
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January 2013 in “Journal of Biological Macromolecules” A new method effectively separates keratin-associated proteins and keratin from human hair.
January 1995 in “Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists” Transglutaminase does not modify human hair.
28 citations
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August 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” TG5 helps maintain hair follicle health, while TG3 aids in hair shaft development.
2 citations
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March 1994 in “Oncology Reports” Keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas have similar keratin patterns, making them hard to tell apart.
3 citations
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January 2022 in “Medical Mycology Journal” Malassezia fungi in healthy noses can form a "spaghetti-and-meatballs" structure.
October 1990 in “Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)” January 2026 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” Small KP peptide improves hair without reducing agents, while larger proteins need them for better results.
1 citations
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January 2023 in “Elsevier eBooks” Phospholipases help maintain and restore skin and hair health, potentially leading to new treatments for related conditions.
11 citations
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May 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” KRTAP10 proteins help form the hair shaft's tough outer layer by interacting with specific hair keratins.
36 citations
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November 2019 in “Molecular biology and evolution” Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
29 citations
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July 1991 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects” Glycoproteins are present in the cell membranes of various keratin fibers.