58 citations
,
February 2018 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Estrogen helps keep skin healthy and may make women look younger and more attractive.
17 citations
,
March 2016 in “Liver international” Men with advanced liver disease and high oestrone and low testosterone levels have worse health outcomes.
169 citations
,
November 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Prepubertal girls have higher sex steroid levels than boys, possibly leading to earlier puberty.
September 2014 in “Springer eBooks” Men and women experience skin aging differently due to changes in sex hormone levels with age.
5 citations
,
August 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” 5α-Reductase inhibitors do not consistently increase testosterone levels in the blood.
8 citations
,
January 1986 in “Journal of hepatology” Men with liver cancer have higher levels of a specific testosterone byproduct in their liver and blood, despite overall lower male hormone levels.
40 citations
,
March 1982 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Young women with diffuse hair loss may have low SHBG levels, which could lead to more active testosterone and contribute to their hair loss.
November 2025 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Botanical treatments like saw palmetto, rosemary oil, and ginseng may help reduce hair loss in menopausal women.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience” Neurosteroids like neuro-estrogen and neuro-androgen are crucial for brain function and can improve cognition and protect against aging-related decline.
74 citations
,
December 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Leuprolide plus estrogen is more effective than oral contraceptives for reducing hirsutism.
67 citations
,
May 2018 in “Journal of Ginseng Research” Red ginseng may improve immunity, fatigue, memory, blood circulation, and menopausal symptoms, and is generally safe to consume.
26 citations
,
March 1981 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Oestrogen does not affect adrenal androgen levels in children and adolescents.
COCs can improve acne but may cause skin issues like cholasma; high estrogen is advised for hair loss concerns.
July 2019 in “Acta Scientiae Veterinariae” Removing a testicular tumor in a dog reduced its aggressive behavior and skin problems.
57 citations
,
January 1995 in “The American journal of medicine” Oral contraceptives help treat hyperandrogenic disorders, improving symptoms like excessive hair and acne.
November 1993 in “PubMed” Hirsutism, excessive male-pattern hair in women, can be caused by high androgens or skin sensitivity, diagnosed by testosterone levels, and treated with hair removal and hormone therapy.
7 citations
,
March 2011 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” Exemestane is effective and safe for treating certain breast cancers, with mild side effects, but needs more research on long-term effects.
59 citations
,
August 2004 in “Human Reproduction Update” Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.
1 citations
,
January 2001 in “Endocrine Practice” Topical finasteride may help treat facial hirsutism in women.
January 2008 in “The Year book of endocrinology” Gene variant linked to prostate cancer, hormone levels, and hair loss.
January 2019 in “ISGE series” Estrogen helps prevent artery plaque by stopping monocyte capture in blood vessels.
173 citations
,
May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.
120 citations
,
October 2007 in “Clinical Interventions in Aging” Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.
50 citations
,
May 2004 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” Estrogens generally inhibit hair growth and improve skin quality, but their exact effects on hair follicles are complex and not fully understood.
11 citations
,
July 2001 in “APMIS. Acta pathologica, microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica./APMIS” Estrogens are key for bone growth spurts in both boys and girls and affect growth into adulthood.
9 citations
,
January 2016 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” The study concluded that both estrogen and androgen receptors, which decrease with age, are linked to skin aging and may be hormonally regulated.
2 citations
,
December 1994 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The treatment effectively reduced hair growth and was safe for patients with PCOS, but it needs better bleeding control.
159 citations
,
July 2006 in “Endocrine Reviews” Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.
137 citations
,
June 2005 in “Climacteric” Estrogen loss during menopause worsens skin health, but hormone replacement therapy may improve it, though more research is needed.
93 citations
,
June 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.