July 2026 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The study investigates sex differences in hair cycling and adhesive material-induced hair regeneration in male and female C3H/He mice. It was found that males entered the second and third anagen phases earlier than females, suggesting longer telogen phases in females. However, females showed earlier localized hair regrowth after the application and removal of a cyanoacrylate adhesive material. Ovariectomy led to a widespread telogen-to-anagen transition, complicating the isolation of ovarian hormone effects. RNA sequencing revealed sex-dependent baseline expression profiles related to inflammation and tissue repair. Clodronate liposome treatment delayed hair growth and wound healing in males but had less impact on females, indicating a more macrophage-dependent regenerative response in males. These findings highlight distinct sex differences in physiological hair cycling and regenerative responses.
44 citations
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January 2019 in “Journal of Translational Medicine” Macrophages are essential for successful skin growth in reconstructive surgery.
175 citations
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December 2014 in “PLoS Biology” Macrophages help activate hair follicle stem cells, affecting hair growth and skin repair.
163 citations
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April 2019 in “Nature Communications” Mechanical stretching of the skin can promote hair growth by activating certain immune cells.
69 citations
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September 2006 in “Human Reproduction” Women with PCOS have fewer activated T cells in their ovarian follicles, which might affect fertility.
65 citations
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February 2017 in “Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology” Macrophages are vital for skin healing, hair growth, salt balance, and cancer defense.
47 citations
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March 2017 in “Materials Science and Engineering: C” Human amniotic membrane helps heal skin wounds faster and with less scarring.
44 citations
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September 2019 in “The EMBO Journal” Lymphatic vessels are essential for hair follicle growth and skin regeneration.
27 citations
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January 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology” Immune cells affect hair growth and could lead to new hair loss treatments.
25 citations
,
July 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Imiquimod cream activates hair follicle stem cells and causes early hair growth by changing immune cells and certain protein expressions.
24 citations
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May 2021 in “Nature Communications” Cavity macrophages gather on organ surfaces but don't really invade or help repair the organs after injury.
21 citations
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March 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology” Immune cells around hair follicles help control hair growth and could be targets for treating hair disorders.
18 citations
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November 2020 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Inflammation plays a key role in activating skin stem cells for hair growth and wound healing, but more research is needed to understand how it directs cell behavior.
15 citations
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May 2023 in “npj Regenerative Medicine” Macrophages help maintain mammary stem cells and tissue balance through specific signaling pathways.
6 citations
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April 2025 in “Communications Biology” Monocytes in hair follicles help neutrophils move through the skin in contact dermatitis.
3 citations
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January 2024 in “Signal transduction and targeted therapy” Lymphatic vessels are essential for health and can be targeted to treat various diseases.
2 citations
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March 2021 in “Molecular Immunology” Dermal macrophages might help regrow hair.
April 2026 in “Nature Communications” Aged corneal cells can revert to a stem-like state to help repair tissue.
September 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Macrophages help maintain mammary stem cells and balance through specific signaling.
December 2021 in “Research Square (Research Square)” M-CSF-stimulated myeloid cells can cause alopecia areata in mice.
254 citations
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January 2012 in “Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology” Stem cell offspring help control their parent stem cells, affecting tissue health, healing, and cancer.
16 citations
,
January 2023 in “Molecular Biomedicine” 3D-printed microneedles can precisely regrow hair in targeted areas.
130 citations
,
September 2018 in “Cell Reports” Macrophages help heal nerves by aiding the maturation of Schwann cells and are important for nerve repair.
9 citations
,
October 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Microglia are essential for zebrafish brain repair by controlling inflammation.
September 2025 in “JID Innovations” Squaric acid dibutylester promotes hair growth by activating immune cells, especially macrophages.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” CD206+ macrophages are crucial for hair growth in alopecia areata treatment.
Inhibiting IL-17 and IL-23 improves wound healing in obese, diabetic mice by promoting healing macrophages.
December 2025 in “Pharmaceutics” EV-based drug delivery shows promise but faces challenges in standardization and scalability.
236 citations
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April 2015 in “Cell” Plucking some hairs can trigger nearby unplucked hairs to grow back more due to a collective response.
101 citations
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March 2019 in “Cell Stem Cell” Certain immune cells in the skin release a protein that stops hair growth by keeping hair stem cells inactive.