70 citations
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January 2014 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.
54 citations
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November 2015 in “Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology” Keratins are important for skin cell health and their problems can cause diseases.
19 citations
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January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
8 citations
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May 2004 in “Textile Research Journal” Scientists made antibodies to tell cashmere and wool apart, which could improve how we identify animal fibers.
12 citations
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January 2014 in “Cell structure and function” Different combinations of human hair keratins affect how hair fibers form.
48 citations
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July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hair growth is controlled by specific gene clusters and proteins, and cysteine affects hair gene expression in sheep.
356 citations
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December 1986 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.
47 citations
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June 1996 in “International Journal of Legal Medicine” Hair analysis for drugs needs a better understanding of how drugs enter hair, considering factors like hair structure and pigmentation.
30 citations
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April 2017 in “Journal of structural biology” Human hair keratin fibers have a detailed nano-scale structure that changes with different conditions.
Human hair keratins can be turned into useful 3D biomedical scaffolds through a freeze-thaw process.
April 2018 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” A gene variant causes patched hair loss in mice, similar to alopecia areata in humans.
Acidic sandy clay damages archaeological hair the most, while dry conditions preserve but make it brittle; silicone oil can help keep the hair flexible.
January 2026 in “Nano-Micro Letters” 4D scaffolds made with melt electrowriting can change shape for use in medicine.
23 citations
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April 2003 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Keratin structure changes during keratinization, but the exact model remains uncertain.
39 citations
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June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
42 citations
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September 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A missing mK6irs1 gene causes hair loss in mice.
198 citations
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March 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Keratin 15 helps maintain tissue integrity and is reduced in activated keratinocytes.
9 citations
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September 2019 in “PLoS ONE” K42 and K124 keratins are only found in horse hoof lamellae.
March 2026 in “Virulence” Vimentin and keratin help viruses spread and could be targets for antiviral treatments.
7 citations
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January 2017 in “Sub-cellular biochemistry/Subcellular biochemistry” 86 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
115 citations
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November 2008 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” Reptiles have genes similar to hair proteins, suggesting hair's genetic origins predate mammals.
62 citations
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October 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” New mutations in hair keratin genes can change hair structure and cause monilethrix, with nail issues more common in certain gene mutations.
45 citations
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March 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A new protein, mK6irs, is found in specific hair layers and may help understand hair growth and diseases.
5 citations
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February 2022 in “Biophysical journal” The model shows that filament flexibility and amino acid differences affect how fast intermediate filament proteins assemble.
38 citations
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November 2020 in “International journal of biochemistry & cell biology” Keratin proteins are essential for keeping the cells in the human colon healthy and stable.
40 citations
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November 2021 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Mutant keratins cause inflammation in Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex, suggesting targeting them could help treat the disorder.
15 citations
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January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for hair growth and structure.
28 citations
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November 2009 in “Journal of Structural Biology” High flux X-ray beams quickly damage the structure of human hair.
1 citations
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July 2021 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Environmental factors can cause mutations in skin proteins, leading to skin disorders.