September 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” CCCA in women of African ancestry may be caused by PADI3 gene mutations and intense hair grooming.
May 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” The ABCA4 gene protects hair follicle stem cells from toxic vitamin A byproducts.
27 citations
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June 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The study found that variations in hair protein genes are likely due to evolutionary deletions or duplications.
March 2026 in “JID Innovations” Aire mutation reduces alopecia areata, while Notch4 mutation prevents it in mice.
May 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” EAAT4 decreases with age, harming skin function and calcium balance.
4 citations
,
May 2021 in “Biomedicines” Targeting the protein Caveolin-1 might help treat a type of scarring hair loss called Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia.
September 2025 in “Science Advances” PADI4 enzyme slows down cell growth in developing hair follicles.
4 citations
,
March 2024 in “Developmental Dynamics” ALX4 is crucial for normal craniofacial and hair development, with specific roles in different cell types.
5 citations
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March 2011 in “Journal of proteomics” Histone H4, released by cells exposed to colchicine, can cause hair loss by inhibiting cell growth and enzyme activity.
December 2022 in “Scientific Reports” Compound 4 is a promising treatment for hair loss with low toxicity.
28 citations
,
July 2007 in “Development” TAF4 is important for skin cell growth and helps prevent skin cancer in mice.
Mutations in the PADI3 gene may cause central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia in women of African ancestry.
December 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” These specific gene polymorphisms are not linked to Alopecia Areata in Egyptians.
January 2015 in “Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln)”
January 2025 in “Open Life Sciences” Overexpression of the HE4 gene in mice causes eye inflammation and cloudiness.
12 citations
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December 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” The C-terminal tail of AHF/trichohyalin is essential for organizing keratin filaments in keratinocytes.
The CD4 protein may play a role in the behavior of certain skin cells, affecting their growth, movement, and differentiation.
26 citations
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March 1995 in “Differentiation” A rabbit gene important for hair development was identified and detailed.
20 citations
,
May 2013 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine” Researchers found a new gene variant linked to a rare bone disease, which doesn't always cause symptoms in carriers.
3 citations
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April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” CCCA may be a fibroproliferative disorder, and anti-fibrotic therapies could help.
2 citations
,
May 2020 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Hair shaft changes may be linked to CCCA, but their role is unclear.
1 citations
,
September 2023 in “Frontiers in Genetics” A heterozygous mutation in HTRA1 can cause severe CARASIL symptoms.
1 citations
,
September 2023 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” Certain genetic variants are linked to frontal fibrosing alopecia in Spanish patients.
53 citations
,
October 2003 in “Genetics” The mK6irs1/Krt2-6g gene likely causes wavy hair in mice.
6 citations
,
January 2020 in “International journal of biological sciences” Removing the ROBO4 gene in mice reduces skin inflammation and hair loss by affecting certain inflammation pathways and gene expression.
22 citations
,
July 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The 4C32 gene may help in mouse skin development and differentiation.
11 citations
,
January 2020 in “BMC pediatrics” New mutations in the SLC39A4 gene found in twins help understand the genetic cause of acrodermatitis enteropathica.
3 citations
,
March 2014 in “Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology” Scientists found a new gene in a bacterium that can modify an immunosuppressant drug, potentially helping to treat hair loss.
11 citations
,
September 2011 in “Biochemical journal” Neurotrophin-4 increases calcium current in specific mouse neurons through the PI3K pathway.
23 citations
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December 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology” A new gene mutation linked to a skin condition was found in a Spanish family.