191 citations
,
May 2018 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.
176 citations
,
August 2015 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology” Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.
148 citations
,
April 2009 in “Molecular Pharmaceutics” Researchers developed promising agents for prostate cancer imaging, with the best one showing high potential for clinical use.
135 citations
,
December 2015 in “Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy” Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.
129 citations
,
October 2007 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Over one-third of women experience hair loss, with female-pattern hair loss being most common, and treatments include minoxidil and possibly hair transplantation.
114 citations
,
March 2002 in “Current opinion in oncology/Current opinion in oncology, with cancerlit” Cancer therapy can cause various skin problems, including hair loss, skin darkening, painful hand-foot syndrome, and severe skin damage.
110 citations
,
July 2017 in “Immunology” Skin's Regulatory T cells are crucial for maintaining skin health and could be targeted to treat immune-related skin diseases and cancer.
105 citations
,
September 1995 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Recombinant cytokine therapy can cause skin reactions ranging from mild to severe.
89 citations
,
October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Alopecia areata is likely caused by a combination of genetic factors and immune system dysfunction, and may represent different diseases with various causes.
84 citations
,
December 2018 in “Genetics in Medicine” Pegvaliase is recommended for treating adults with phenylketonuria.
83 citations
,
June 2018 in “Frontiers in immunology” Certain types of T cells are essential for healthy skin and play a role in skin diseases, but more research is needed to improve treatments.
82 citations
,
October 2019 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Changes to the Foxp3 protein affect how well regulatory T cells can control the immune system, which could help treat immune diseases and cancer.
77 citations
,
August 2025 in “Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy” Extracellular vesicles show promise for treating diseases but face challenges in development and regulation.
75 citations
,
August 2018 in “Biochemical pharmacology” Targeting the skin's endocannabinoid system could help treat skin disorders.
67 citations
,
January 2022 in “Theranostics” Advanced nanocarrier and microneedle drug delivery methods are more effective, safer, and less invasive for treating skin diseases.
60 citations
,
July 2020 in “ACS Nano” Using CRISPR for gene editing in the body is promising but needs better delivery methods to be more efficient and specific.
59 citations
,
June 2022 in “Frontiers in medicine” There are still challenges in diagnosing and treating chronic skin diseases, but there is hope for future improvements.
54 citations
,
September 2019 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Tofacitinib is somewhat effective for alopecia areata, but more research is needed on its safety and long-term effects.
53 citations
,
September 2020 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” New methods to improve the healing abilities of mesenchymal stem cells for disease treatment are promising but need more research.
53 citations
,
March 2014 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine” The document explains different types of hair loss, their causes, and treatments, and suggests future research areas.
51 citations
,
October 2002 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Finasteride increases hair density in female androgenetic alopecia, but individual results may vary.
49 citations
,
November 1992 in “Archives of dermatology” Different treatments for alopecia areata have varying success rates and side effects; intralesional steroids are most effective.
48 citations
,
February 2025 in “Nano-Micro Letters” Microneedles offer a promising, painless way to treat skin diseases but need improvements for better use.
48 citations
,
January 2024 in “Immune Network” IL-15 is key for T cell function and could help improve treatments for immune-related diseases.
43 citations
,
February 2020 in “Clinica chimica acta” Nano-sized plant-based chemicals could improve cervical cancer treatment by being more effective and causing fewer side effects than current methods.
40 citations
,
August 2018 in “Skin appendage disorders” Some alternative treatments for hair loss might work, but more research is needed.
39 citations
,
April 2020 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Drug repurposing is a cost-effective way to find new uses for existing drugs, speeding up treatment development.
39 citations
,
June 2019 in “Toxins” Bee venom might be a good alternative treatment for various skin conditions because it has many healing properties.
39 citations
,
October 2018 in “Lupus Science & Medicine” Different types of hair loss in lupus need careful diagnosis for proper treatment.
37 citations
,
November 2003 in “Veterinary pathology” Hair loss in mice starts with immune cells damaging hair roots before it becomes visible.