38 citations
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December 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Keratin patterns in hair follicles help understand hair growth and potential hair and nail disorders.
30 citations
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January 1994 in “Micron” Mature hair surfaces are formed by keratinized cells with developed layers, not just modified plasma membranes.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The conclusion is that the cornea has two types of stem cells, with Lrig1+ cells being key for renewal in aging corneas, independent of CD44.
6 citations
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October 2009 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Canine claws have complex structures with different keratin types, similar to hair and nails.
11 citations
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January 1977 in “Archives of dermatological research” Mouse tail skin has different keratinization near hair follicles and scales.
February 2022 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Healthy skin prevents water loss and protects against threats.
December 2025 in “Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology” Understanding embryologic layers improves skin disorder diagnosis and supports developing targeted therapies.
February 1990 in “PubMed” Hair follicle cells and skin cells differ in keratinization and other features.
38 citations
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July 2004 in “Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution” Reptilian scales, feathers, and hairs evolved from changes in skin cell interactions.
January 2020 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” The skin has two main layers, the epidermis and dermis, which work together and are essential for diagnosing skin conditions.
1 citations
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December 2024 in “Tissue Barriers” The epidermis is the stiffest skin layer.
January 1995 in “Skin Cancer” The outer root sheath in hair follicles changes during growth, with different keratinization processes in its layers.
110 citations
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August 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The ventral matrix is the main source of the nail plate.
25 citations
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October 1962 in “Journal of Ultrastructure Research” The hair follicle structure is more complex than thought, with new findings on protein formation.
45 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Cat claws stay sharp by shedding their outer layer through microcracks formed during activities.
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March 1986 in “British Veterinary Journal” Canine skin has two main layers: the epidermis and dermis, with a supportive subcutis layer.
277 citations
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July 2011 in “Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association” The skin's layers protect, sense, and regulate the body's internal balance, but can be prone to cancer.
January 2006 in “Elsevier eBooks” Most vertebrates can regenerate skin, nails, and corneas, but only some can regenerate teeth and lenses.
4 citations
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December 1985 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Eye lens capsules are the best for growing human skin cells.
47 citations
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July 2005 in “European Journal of Cell Biology” Terrestrial vertebrates have balanced keratin gene clusters, unlike teleost fish.
February 2023 in “Mağallaẗ Tikrīt li-l-ʻulūm al-ṣirfaẗ/Tikrit journal of pure science” Horse skin has a layered epidermis, a dermis with hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands, and is supplied by small arteries.
May 2025 in “Journal of Developmental Biology” Jawless vertebrates have teeth proteins similar to those in mammalian hair and nails.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Cell movements and forces shape feather growth in chicken skin.
25 citations
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August 2020 in “Experimental eye research/Experimental Eye Research” Different types of cells in the eye express specific keratins at various stages of development.
March 2015 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery” Human skin has multiple layers and functions, with key roles in protection, temperature control, and appearance.
January 2025 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Hox proteins help maintain keratinocyte identity by regulating miRNA expression.
15 citations
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May 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The cell membrane complex in mammalian hair has three distinct types with different structures and chemical properties.
187 citations
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May 1988 in “Differentiation” Trichocytic cytokeratins are found in hair, nails, tongue, and thymus cells, showing complex regulation in tissue development.
59 citations
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August 1981 in “PubMed” Trichilemmal keratinization is a unique process in hair follicles where the outer root sheath turns into keratin without a specific layer.
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November 2015 in “The American journal of dermatopathology/American journal of dermatopathology” Punctate follicular porokeratosis is a skin condition with specific features seen in hair follicles.