May 2026 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance” This retrospective study evaluated the clinical and reproductive profiles of 95 women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) at a tertiary care hospital in India. The study found that menstrual irregularities were the most common symptom, affecting 86.3% of participants, with oligomenorrhea present in 48.4% of cases. Other prevalent symptoms included hirsutism (57.9%), acne (50.5%), obesity (45.2%), and acanthosis nigricans (30.5%). Infertility was reported in 47.4% of the women, and 71.6% exhibited bilateral polycystic ovarian morphology on ultrasonography. The study concludes that PCOS is a heterogeneous disorder with significant reproductive and metabolic implications, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and comprehensive management to improve reproductive health and reduce long-term complications.
6 citations
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October 2024 in “Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders” Low prolactin levels in PCOS can cause metabolic problems like insulin resistance and obesity.
43 citations
,
July 2012 in “Molecular human reproduction” Certain metabolites are lower in women with PCOS and could be potential markers for the condition.
4025 citations
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December 2003 in “Human Reproduction” The 2003 consensus updated PCOS diagnosis criteria and linked PCOS to higher risks of diabetes and heart problems, recommending lifestyle changes to lower these risks.
February 2022 in “Mediators of Inflammation” Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have lower levels of a substance called DIAPH1 in their blood, which is linked to changes in sugar metabolism and insulin resistance.
Young women in Karachi have low awareness of PCOS and its risks, needing more education.
June 2023 in “Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences” Higher PSA levels are linked to more hirsutism in women with PCOS.
76 citations
,
February 2007 in “Cancer Research” Protein Kinase Cε increases skin sensitivity to UV damage and skin cancer risk.
2 citations
,
April 2023 in “BMC endocrine disorders” The link between physical signs of high male hormones and hormone levels in women with PCOS changes with age.
94 citations
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July 2020 in “European Journal of Human Genetics” The guidelines ensure accurate genetic testing and reporting for 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
7 citations
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August 2019 in “Journal of Ovarian Research” Blood removal and birth control pills both helped with hormone levels in women with PCOS, but birth control was better for regular periods and blood removal had fewer side effects.
March 2023 in “Journal of the turkish academy of dermatology” High levels of ceruloplasmin might indicate more severe toenail fungus.
December 2022 in “Archives of Clinical Trials” Treating PCOS patients with HP HMG significantly raises the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, needing careful dose management.
March 2026 in “Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine” PCOS diagnosis and management have improved with new guidelines for personalized care.
343 citations
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October 2015 in “Endocrine Practice” The guide recommends specific methods for diagnosing PCOS and various treatments for its symptoms, while considering the health impacts on adolescents.
1 citations
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September 2024 in “BMC Ophthalmology” PCOS may increase eye pressure and corneal thickness, affecting eye health.
19 citations
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October 2004 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) requires a detailed patient history, ultrasound scanning, hormone level checks, and assessments of ovulation, obesity, and insulin resistance. It's a variable condition that needs individualized management and is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes.
74 citations
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January 2006 in “Endocrine journal” Low-dose gonadotropin treatment is effective for infertility in women with PCOS, leading to high ovulation rates and comparable pregnancy rates with fewer complications.
4809 citations
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January 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” The 2003 consensus updated PCOS diagnosis criteria and highlighted increased risks of diabetes and heart disease for those affected.
2 citations
,
July 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Some women with PCOS have rare genetic variants linked to the condition.
August 2022 in “Journal of Education Health and Sport” PCOS is common, affects hormones, and often diagnosed late, impacting women's quality of life.
2 citations
,
October 1990 in “The Lancet” Some people have a genetic variation that makes them less effective at breaking down drugs.
High insulin levels are more common and a better predictor of carbohydrate issues in women with PCOS than glucose tolerance tests.
August 2003 in “Oncology Times” The trial on testosterone replacement therapy in older men faced concerns due to prostate cancer risk.
30 citations
,
November 2018 in “Fertility and Sterility” Young women with PCOS have a higher risk of high blood pressure and metabolic syndrome, but these risks may decrease after age 40.
May 2011 in “Value in Health” CP-690,550 significantly reduced itching in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.
215 citations
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January 2011 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.
June 2026 in “International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology” This study evaluated the diagnostic utility of serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and compared AMH levels across different PCOS phenotypes. Conducted with 100 women, including 50 PCOS cases and 50 controls, the study found that mean serum AMH levels were significantly higher in women with PCOS (7.10 ng/ml) compared to controls (2.32 ng/ml). An optimal AMH cut-off of 4 ng/ml was identified, providing 90% sensitivity and 78% specificity for PCOS diagnosis. AMH levels varied among PCOS phenotypes, being highest in phenotype A and lowest in phenotype C. The study concludes that serum AMH is a valuable diagnostic biomarker for PCOS, especially where ultrasonography is not available.
6 citations
,
August 2023 in “European journal of endocrinology” The 2023 guideline advises a detailed approach for PCOS, focusing on early detection, lifestyle and medical treatments, and managing health risks.
4 citations
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January 2020 in “Obstetrics and Gynecology Reports” Obese women with PCOS have lower vitamin D levels.