December 2024 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” 21-hydroxylase deficiency causes hormone imbalances leading to various symptoms, and diagnosis involves clinical and genetic tests.
18 citations
,
December 2010 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Increased HSD11B1 enzyme expression is linked to higher body fat and insulin resistance.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Rare ovarian tumors can cause hyperandrogenism, even if imaging appears normal.
32 citations
,
January 2010 in “Journal of Korean Medical Science” A rare adrenal tumor in a 14-year-old girl caused male-like symptoms and was successfully removed.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Ovarian hyperthecosis can cause high testosterone and symptoms like hair loss, and surgery can help improve these symptoms.
April 2025 in “BMC Urology” Thorough evaluations and conservative management can lead to positive outcomes in pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma.
100 citations
,
April 1990 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The ovary mainly causes high testosterone in PCO, while the adrenal gland is the main source in IH.
31 citations
,
January 2014 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The study suggests that being overweight or obese, not PCOS itself, is strongly linked to insulin resistance.
July 2024 in “LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)” Adipose tissue and eccrine gland displacement are common in certain alopecias but don't help differentiate between them.
53 citations
,
September 2014 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Different types of PCOS have different levels of metabolic problems, with the most severe type showing the highest disturbances.
23 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Nanjing Medical University” Overweight women with PCOS are more likely to have excess male hormones.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Rare ovarian tumors can cause hyperandrogenism, even if imaging appears normal.
3 citations
,
April 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology and metabolism journal” Imaging helps detect adrenal gland issues and monitor treatment in congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and can identify tumors affecting fertility.
26 citations
,
April 2007 in “Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition” A teenage girl with high androgen levels and PCOS developed a rare liver tumor, suggesting a possible link between high androgens and the tumor's growth.
1 citations
,
September 2018 in “Vestnik Vitebskogo gosudarstvennogo medicinskogo universiteta”
January 2021 in “Case Reports” A 71-year-old woman developed male-like features due to high testosterone levels caused by a benign ovarian tumor, which was successfully removed by surgery.
December 2016 in “University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham)” Glucocorticoids reduce fat production in liver cells, while androgens increase it in females; manipulating certain enzymes can influence these effects.
90 citations
,
February 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.
15 citations
,
May 2013 in “American Journal of Medical Genetics - Part A” People with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia have no sweat ducts and less, thinner hair.
October 2021 in “Acta Scientific Medical Sciences” A woman was diagnosed with a rare adrenal gland cancer that did not show usual hormone-related symptoms.
May 2017 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Using GnRHa agonists helps diagnose and treat ovarian hyperthecosis when surgery isn't possible.
January 2026 in “Brazilian Journal of Development” Early diagnosis and surgery can improve symptoms of ovarian hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women.
117 citations
,
May 2017 in “Human Reproduction Update” The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.
4 citations
,
January 2011 in “European journal of dermatology/EJD. European journal of dermatology” A boy had a rare scalp condition with thickened skin and different-colored hair.
2 citations
,
September 2019 in “Acta Cardiologica” Women with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia have higher risk for heart and metabolic problems.
2 citations
,
January 2007 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Two cases of hairy elbows syndrome were described, with normal skin texture and symmetrical hair growth.
November 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Ankle braces reduce motion, while external focus improves hip and knee movements.
7 citations
,
December 2011 in “InTech eBooks” Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid therapy effectively manage Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia symptoms but have limitations.
5 citations
,
March 2013 in “International journal of surgical pathology” Cronkhite-Canada syndrome can be diagnosed without gastrointestinal polyps if there is severe mucosal atrophy and edema.
18 citations
,
February 2001 in “Der Hautarzt” A woman with myotonic dystrophy had multiple skin tumors on her scalp, suggesting a genetic link.