The 16th-century mummy's hair was well-preserved due to a calcium coating.
8 citations
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February 2022 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Lipids are crucial for healthy hair, protecting it from damage and breakage.
6 citations
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May 2003 in “PubMed” Small amounts of DNA can be found in the hair shaft, especially near the root, but it decreases with hair treatments and washing.
5 citations
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January 1992 Silicones in shampoos make hair smoother, easier to manage, and reduce friction.
August 2021 in “Han'gug miyong haghoeji/Journal of the Korean society of cosmetology” Using natural polyphenol cross-linkers like tannic acid and green tea extract in perm treatments improves curling and protects hair.
July 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Fermented grapeseed oil effectively repairs and protects chemically damaged hair.
2 citations
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February 2016 in “Journal of sol-gel science and technology” A small molecule can strengthen fine hair, making it more resistant and natural-feeling.
3 citations
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July 2003 in “PubMed” The research found a way to measure hair surface changes by analyzing how light reflects off of it, and determined hair cuticle angles vary by hair length and color.
5 citations
,
December 2020 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Treatments improved hair surface and scale structure but didn't increase certain bonds in the hair cortex.
2 citations
,
March 2018 in “ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering” Heating human hair creates hollow microtubes with smooth surfaces.
April 2023 in “CRC Press eBooks” Hair care products mainly work on the hair's surface and need professional guidance for use.
3 citations
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January 2015 in “Mathematical problems in engineering” Hair damage increases significantly with higher temperatures and longer heating times.
September 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Chemical treatments change hair surface properties, making it more hydrophilic and able to bind conditioners.
16 citations
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May 2017 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” An unhealthy scalp can damage new hair, but using ZPT shampoo can improve hair health.
10 citations
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November 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.
17 citations
,
February 1987 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” The hair cuticle acts as a barrier against fungal infection, which occurs only deep within the hair follicle.
11 citations
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January 1981 in “Cells Tissues Organs” Human hair cuticle has five cell layers with specific junctions and granules.
3 citations
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January 1989 in “Journal of Japan Oil Chemists Society” AMT is the best surfactant for hair and scalp care.
December 2021 in “Journal of natural fibers” The conclusion is that new methods for isolating hair cuticle cells and removing the cuticle layer are effective and convenient.
36 citations
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October 2014 in “Langmuir” Bleaching hair removes its protective top layer and exposes more hydrophilic groups, changing its chemical surface and affecting how it interacts with products.
January 2000 in “Zhongguo yixue wulixue zazhi” Different human hair keratin types have unique structures that affect how they dissolve and can be used to create self-tendons.
1 citations
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June 2023 in “Skin Research and Technology” Hair-coating shampoos dye better initially, but hair-oxidation shampoos keep color longer and may damage hair more.
Different treatments change the strength and flexibility of human hair.
1 citations
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July 2015 in “Microscopy Research and Technique” Friedreich's ataxia causes thin, weak hair with surface damage and cavities.
2 citations
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June 2018 in “Cosmetics” AMPD is a better and less damaging alternative to ammonium hydroxide for hair bleaching.
NaOH treatment improves hair strength and suitability for textiles.
75 citations
,
November 1965 in “Textile research journal” Papain and bisulfite break down human hair by dissolving parts of it.
52 citations
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February 2005 in “Biopolymers” Chemical hair straightening changes hair proteins and mostly fixes broken bonds.
20 citations
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December 2012 in “Journal of molecular structure” The study found that thioglycolic acid breaks down hair bonds more consistently than l-cysteine, which is less damaging to hair.
1 citations
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November 2022 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Male and female human hairs have different microscopic structures that can help in forensic analysis.