Estrogen and its receptors play a key role in hair growth, with differences between males and females.
1 citations
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July 2011 in “Climacteric” Long-term estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women can improve certain health markers, hair loss is common regardless of hormone use, stopping estrogen doesn't increase breast cancer risk, smoking does, and a balanced BMI is linked to lower mortality.
2 citations
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December 1994 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The treatment effectively reduced hair growth and was safe for patients with PCOS, but it needs better bleeding control.
65 citations
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October 2008 in “Journal of Neuroendocrinology” 158 citations
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June 2017 in “Maturitas” Estrogen helps improve skin aging and healing, especially in post-menopausal women.
9 citations
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August 2021 in “Biomedicines” 17β-estradiol boosts APE1/Ref-1 secretion in cells and mice via a calcium-dependent pathway.
154 citations
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October 1996 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Estrogen affects hair growth and skin cell multiplication.
1 citations
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January 2013 in “UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)” Hormonal contraceptives may reduce social behavior and sexual motivation by lowering allopregnanolone levels.
18 citations
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March 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.
8 citations
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April 1990 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” The medication combination did not affect glucose tolerance but increased some cholesterol levels due to its estrogen component.
July 2013 in “e-Jurnal Medika Udayana” Estrogen helps promote hair growth in women with androgenetic alopecia.
January 2002 in “NCSU Libraries Repository (North Carolina State University Libraries)” 17b-Estradiol in skin affects hair growth and tumor promotion.
53 citations
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January 1985 in “Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica” Low-dose oral contraceptives reduced hair growth and testosterone levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The patient was satisfied with hormone therapy, and her epilepsy remained stable.
2 citations
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January 2019 Hormonal contraceptives and therapies regulate organ functions and treat various conditions.
3 citations
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August 2021 in “Nutrition research” Estrogen affects how vitamin A is processed in mouse skin, which may impact acne treatment, hair growth, and skin defense.
3 citations
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April 1977 in “PubMed” The treatment improved acne, seborrhoea, and hirsutism, with some side effects like spotting and nervousness.
4 citations
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January 1994 in “Journal of hepatology” Cyclosporine A therapy changes sex hormone levels differently in pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women with primary biliary cirrhosis.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen deficiency can reduce the enzyme activity needed to activate vitamin D.
Cyproterone acetate with ethynyl estradiol significantly improved acne and seborrhea in women, but was less effective for hair loss and excessive hair growth.
5 citations
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January 2007 in “Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology” 17β-Estradiol boosts allergic reactions and slows thymus aging in mice.
186 citations
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February 1980 in “Clinical Endocrinology” During puberty, hormone levels rise, with early increases in some steroids and most menstrual cycles becoming regular by six years after menarche.
4 citations
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December 2021 in “Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine” Higher estrone-to-estradiol ratios are linked to worse glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
2 citations
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February 2003 in “Annals of Neurology” Neuroimaging suggests that treatments targeting brain steroids could help control epilepsy, especially types linked to the menstrual cycle.
74 citations
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December 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Leuprolide plus estrogen is more effective than oral contraceptives for reducing hirsutism.
December 2025 in “Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences” Estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women can cause skin and hair issues, but local estrogen therapies help improve vaginal health.
120 citations
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October 2007 in “Clinical Interventions in Aging” Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.
6 citations
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January 2016 in “Menopause” Estrogen deficiency, like after menopause or certain surgeries, leads to faster skin aging and health issues.
January 2019 in “ISGE series” Estrogen helps prevent artery plaque by stopping monocyte capture in blood vessels.
14 citations
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August 1943 in “Archives of Dermatology” Applying estradiol to skin causes local changes but not cancer.