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September 1968 in “Cancer” Citrulline in certain skin tumors suggests they mimic hair growth, helping distinguish them from other cancer types.
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September 1996 in “Journal of Applied Polymer Science” Potassium cyanide changes hair's disulfide bonds to monosulfide, affecting high-sulfur proteins more.
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July 1993 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
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December 1998 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Keratin 19 forms less stable and shorter filaments than keratin 14, giving unique traits to certain skin cells.
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May 2012 in “Advanced Healthcare Materials” Human hair keratins improve cell adhesion and growth on culture surfaces.
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January 2014 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.
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January 1981 Hair is mostly made of three protein types: helical, high-sulfur, and high-tyrosine.
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April 1988 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” 91 citations
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December 2000 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Scientists successfully created mouse hair proteins in the lab, which are stable and similar to natural hair.
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January 2007 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Scientists discovered a unique hair protein, KAP24.1, with a special structure, found only in the upper part of hair cuticles.
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December 1970 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure” 13 citations
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January 2002 in “Biological chemistry” Different conditions affect how hair proteins assemble, and certain mutations can change their structure.
February 2026 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” Keratin from waste hair and feathers can be sustainably used to create stable emulsions for industrial applications.
1 citations
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October 2022 in “Bioengineering” Keratin helps skin cells mature when added to a collagen mix, which could be important for skin and hair health.
120 citations
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August 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cytokeratin 19 and cytokeratin 15 are key markers for monitoring the quality and self-renewing potential of engineered skin.
January 2026 in “Biomaterials and Biosystems” Keratin from chicken feathers can be safely used on damaged skin.
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October 2019 in “Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology” Fusion proteins can protect hair from heat damage.
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April 1988 in “Differentiation” Human and bovine hair follicles have distinct cytokeratins specific to hair-forming cells.
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September 2018 in “Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B-biology” A hair-growth formula with cystine and thiamin helps protect skin cells against UV damage and improves their growth.
January 2005 in “Australian viticulture” Different tissues in cows have different types of cytokeratins.
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April 2002 in “Cell Death and Differentiation”
Keratin hydrogels from human hair show promise for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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December 2015 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Keratin is crucial for skin barrier formation and affects mitochondrial function.
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December 2020 in “ACS biomaterials science & engineering” Human hair keratins can form stable nanofiber networks that might help in tissue regeneration.
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July 2023 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” KY19382 speeds up wound healing by activating a specific cell signaling pathway.
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January 2013 in “Biomaterials” Keratin from human hair shows promise for medical uses like wound healing and tissue engineering.
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September 2020 in “Biomedical materials” Recombinant keratin materials may better promote skin cell differentiation than natural keratin.