18 citations
,
January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.
191 citations
,
November 1959 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Hair and wool have complex microscopic structures with microfibrils and varying cystine content.
71 citations
,
May 2006 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” TTD hair brittleness is caused by multiple structural abnormalities.
28 citations
,
September 1986 in “Pediatric dermatology” Zinc therapy improved hair health in a girl with acrodermatitis enteropathica.
7 citations
,
March 2004 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Tiger tail banding and hair abnormalities are reliable indicators for diagnosing trichothiodystrophy.
May 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Mercaptans make hair more prone to damage, with reduced hair being more affected than permed hair.
21 citations
,
January 2000 in “Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy” Prenatal diagnosis of trichothiodystrophy is possible in the second trimester using fetal eyebrow biopsy, with sulfur content analysis being more reliable.
31 citations
,
January 2004 in “Methods in cell biology” Hair and follicle keratins differ in structure and expression, especially in cysteine content.
January 2014 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” Liposome-encapsulated thioglycolic acid improves hair perming effectiveness and durability.
Chemical treatments weaken hair's thermal stability and structure.
119 citations
,
August 2008 in “BMC Evolutionary Biology” KRTAP genes evolved early in mammals, leading to diverse hair traits.
10 citations
,
January 1997 in “Dermatology” Two siblings were diagnosed with Trichothiodystrophy, identified by brittle hair and low sulfur content.
9 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of X-ray science and technology” Perming and bleaching damage hair differently, with bleached hair having more cysteic acid in the cuticle.
January 1991 in “Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan” Hair treatments can damage hair by changing its chemical content.
2 citations
,
December 2019 in “Textile Research Journal” L-cysteine and ultrasound successfully improved rabbit hair fibers for industrial use.
3 citations
,
January 2017 in “Journal of cosmetology & trichology” The food supplement with L-cystine, Serenoa repens extract, and biotin safely reduced hair loss and improved hair growth in men and women.
3 citations
,
May 2024 in “Amino Acids” Disrupted cysteine metabolism may cause hair breakage in Alopecia Areata, suggesting potential treatments like N-acetylcysteine.
4 citations
,
January 1976 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Metabolic disorders can cause hair structure defects and growth issues, but amino acid levels in hair remain normal.
October 2006 in “Clinical Cancer Research” Antioxidants can block the cancer-fighting effects of doxorubicin.
12 citations
,
August 1984 in “Genetics Research” The N gene affects the protein makeup of mouse hair.
18 citations
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January 1978 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair cystine levels may indicate protein malnutrition, but more research is needed.
23 citations
,
January 1981 Hair is mostly made of three protein types: helical, high-sulfur, and high-tyrosine.
62 citations
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January 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” A second domain of high sulfur KAP genes on chromosome 21q23 is crucial for hair structure.
51 citations
,
January 2007 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Scientists discovered a unique hair protein, KAP24.1, with a special structure, found only in the upper part of hair cuticles.
4 citations
,
November 2022 in “Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials” Human hair proteins, especially keratins, can protect cells from oxidative stress in lab settings.
A new hydrogel made from human hair keratin can help regenerate skin and fight bacteria.
The research developed a human hair keratin and silver ion hydrogel that could help heal wounds.
4 citations
,
December 1989 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Human hair proteins have similar cysteine and glycine levels to skin proteins.
26 citations
,
January 2011 in “Open Journal of Genetics” The KAP13-3 gene in sheep affects wool quality by influencing keratin assembly.
11 citations
,
April 2022 in “Biophysical Journal” Disulfide bonds in keratin fibers break more easily under stress, especially when wet, affecting fiber strength.