December 2023 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Adults with gender dysphoria on hormone treatment often have skin problems like acne, which are common but not always recognized.
74 citations
,
February 2018 in “Stroke” Women have unique stroke risks due to hormones, contraceptives, pregnancy, and menopause.
269 citations
,
May 2002 in “Hormones and Behavior” Lowering 3α,5α-THP in the hippocampus increases anxiety and depression in proestrous rats.
November 2022 in “Scientific Reports” Certain ESR1 gene variations may affect hormone levels and fat distribution in women with high male hormone levels.
11 citations
,
January 2020 in “Engineered science” January 2026 in “Mendeley Data” January 2026 in “Mendeley Data” 16 citations
,
September 1990 in “Fertility and sterility” Ketoconazole can treat ovarian hyperandrogenism but should be used cautiously with monitoring and birth control.
31 citations
,
September 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.
39 citations
,
September 2012 in “Human Reproduction” Certain genetic variations in the SHBG gene are linked to an increased or decreased risk of PCOS in Mediterranean women.
24 citations
,
May 1995 in “Journal of Adolescent Health” Inner city teens had high retention rates for the contraceptive implant, especially those with a history of abortion.
May 2026 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide helps hair regrowth in hair loss mice by affecting local steroid metabolism and hair follicle responses.
45 citations
,
September 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The enzyme 17β-HSD type 2 mainly performs oxidation in human sebaceous glands, which may help protect against acne.
1 citations
,
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Finasteride may worsen blood sugar control in diabetic patients.
5 citations
,
March 2019 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” The document concludes that gender-affirming treatments are essential for transgender individuals and outlines safe hormone therapy practices.
December 2025 in “Molecules” A new method effectively detects trace sex hormones in cosmetics, ensuring safety.
February 1976 in “PubMed” Sex hormone therapy is effective for certain skin conditions like acne and seborrhea, but less so for female hair loss and excessive hair growth.
October 2015 in “Elsevier eBooks” Spironolactone can cause side effects like high potassium levels and breast enlargement, and patients need careful monitoring.
94 citations
,
July 1991 in “Clinical endocrinology” Cyproterone acetate at 2mg daily is as effective as higher doses for treating excessive hair growth in women.
January 2025 in “Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry” Vitex negundo has potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects.
16 citations
,
May 2019 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” The new FDA labeling rules provide more detailed drug safety information for pregnant and breastfeeding women, but more data is needed on the risks of many dermatologic drugs.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Hormone Replacement Therapy improves skin health in postmenopausal women by boosting collagen and hydration.
9 citations
,
March 2009 in “Endocrine Practice” 10 citations
,
July 2015 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Estradiol gel can cause hair loss in dogs.
15 citations
,
July 2021 in “AAPS PharmSciTech”
February 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Spironolactone helps prevent swelling caused by minoxidil in women with hair loss.
1 citations
,
August 2019 in “Evidence-Based Practice” Spironolactone and finasteride are equally effective for hirsutism in transgender women.