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GlossaryDihydrotestosterone Synthesis

enzyme 5-alpha-reductase converts testosterone into potent androgen DHT

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) synthesis is the process by which the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase converts testosterone into DHT, a more potent androgen hormone. DHT plays a crucial role in the development of male characteristics and is also implicated in conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate enlargement.

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research Steroidogenesis inhibitors alter but do not eliminate androgen synthesis mechanisms during progression to castration-resistance in LNCaP prostate xenografts

57 citations , April 2009 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”

Steroidogenesis inhibitors change but don't stop androgen production in prostate cancer.

research Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-tetrazolo steroidal analogs: Novel class of 5α-reductase inhibitors

17 citations , December 2015 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry”

3-tetrazolo steroidal analogs can strongly inhibit the enzyme linked to hair loss.

Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of 4-Substituted N-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-Oxo-4-Androstene-17β-Carboxamides as 5α-Reductase Inhibitors and Antiandrogens

research Synthesis and in Vitro Evaluation of 4-Substituted N-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-oxo-4-androstene-17.beta.-carboxamides as 5.alpha.-Reductase Inhibitors and Antiandrogens

12 citations , April 1995 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry”

The new compounds moderately block a specific enzyme and strongly counteract a male hormone, suggesting potential for treating certain male-related health conditions.

Synthesis and 5α-Reductase Inhibitory Activity of 8-Substituted Benzo[ƒ]Quinolinones Derived from Palladium Mediated Coupling Reactions

research Synthesis and 5α-reductase inhibitory activity of 8-substituted benzo[ƒ]quinolinones derived from palladium mediated coupling reactions

14 citations , February 1998 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters”

Some newly made compounds can block an enzyme linked to hair loss and prostate growth, with one in particular being very selective.

research Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel androst-3,5-diene-3-carboxylic acid derivatives as inhibitors of 5α-reductase type 1 and 2

8 citations , June 2017 in “Steroids”

New chemical compounds were made that effectively block an enzyme linked to prostate growth.

Natural Product-Inspired Bis(Trifluoromethyl) Phenyl Hydroxycinnamate Derivatives as Promising Nonsteroidal Inhibitors of Human Steroid 5α-Reductase Type-1: Synthesis, In Vitro, and In Silico Studies

research Natural Product-Inspired Bis(trifluoromethyl) Phenyl Hydroxycinnamate Derivatives as Promising Nonsteroidal Inhibitors of Human Steroid 5α-Reductase Type-1: Synthesis, In Vitro, and In Silico Studies

August 2025 in “ACS Omega”

New compounds show promise as nonsteroidal treatments for hair loss.

Evaluation of New Pregnane Derivatives as 5α-Reductase Inhibitors

research Evaluation of New Pregnane Derivatives as 5.ALPHA.-Reductase Inhibitor.

23 citations , January 2001 in “Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin”

New pregnane derivatives are effective at inhibiting an enzyme linked to hair loss and reducing oil gland activity.

research A Narrowed Look Into Plant-Derived Testosterone 5α-Reductase Inhibitors for Androgenetic Alopecia

May 2024 in “Current perspectives on medicinal and aromatic plants”

Plant-based treatments might help with hair loss and have fewer side effects than synthetic drugs.

research Trichoscopic evaluation of dental pulp stem cell conditioned media for androgenic alopecia.

May 2023 in “PubMed”

Hair loss treatment using stem cells from baby teeth was effective for 75% of men tested, with mild side effects. A scoring system may predict how well this treatment works.

Matriptase Activation and Shedding with HAI-1 Induced by Steroid Sex Hormones in Human Prostate Cancer Cells, but Not in Breast Cancer Cells

research Matriptase activation and shedding with HAI-1 is induced by steroid sex hormones in human prostate cancer cells, but not in breast cancer cells

56 citations , February 2006 in “American journal of physiology. Cell physiology”

Steroid sex hormones activate matriptase in prostate cancer cells but not in breast cancer cells.

research Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of New 16-Methyl Pregnane Derivatives.

18 citations , January 2002 in “Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin/Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin”

New pregnane derivatives were more effective than finasteride at inhibiting a key enzyme for male pattern baldness.

research Sex Hormones: Hormonal Contraception and Hormone Replacement Therapy

2 citations , January 2019

Hormonal contraceptives and therapies regulate organ functions and treat various conditions.

research DHT and E2 synthesis-related proteins and receptors expression in male yak skin during different hair follicle stages

4 citations , August 2019 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology”

Male yak hair growth is influenced by DHT synthesis, which is promoted by 5α-red1 and AR during growth phases, while E2 may inhibit growth through ERα.

Dual Wavelength LEDs Induce Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide That Inhibit the Production of Dihydrotestosterone by 5-Alpha Reductase

research Dual Wavelength LEDs Induce Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide That Inhibit the Production of Dihydrotestosterone by 5‐α Reductase

December 2024 in “Journal of Biophotonics”

Dual wavelength LEDs may help reduce hair loss by lowering DHT levels.

research ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of a Novel Hybrid from Finasteride and Epristeride as 5α‐Reductase Inhibitor.

April 2011 in “ChemInform”

A new compound may effectively inhibit the enzyme linked to BPH and hair loss.

research Recent Advances in Drug Design and Drug Discovery for Androgen- Dependent Diseases

11 citations , February 2016 in “Current Medicinal Chemistry”

New treatments for prostate cancer and BPH show promise, including novel compounds that target hormone synthesis and response.

Inhibition of Rat 5α-Reductase Activity and Testosterone-Induced Sebum Synthesis in Hamster Sebocytes by an Extract of Quercus Acutissima Cortex

research Inhibition of Rat 5α-Reductase Activity and Testosterone-Induced Sebum Synthesis in Hamster Sebocytes by an Extract ofQuercus acutissimaCortex

37 citations , January 2015 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine”

An extract from Quercus acutissima bark was found to reduce sebum production and block an enzyme linked to acne.

research Androgen Biosynthesis Inhibitors and Androgen Receptor Antagonists

January 2004 in “Elsevier eBooks”

Anti-androgen drugs can treat conditions like prostate cancer and male pattern baldness by blocking effects of testosterone and DHT.

research Aromatase inhibitors induce ‘male pattern hair loss’ in women?

19 citations , May 2013 in “Annals of Oncology”

Aromatase inhibitors cause male pattern hair loss in women.

research Disruptors of Androgen Action and Synthesis

1 citations , January 2015 in “Elsevier eBooks”

Certain pesticides and fungicides can interfere with male hormone functions, potentially causing reproductive issues in male rats.

research A Review on Steroidal 5α-Reductase Inhibitors for Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

17 citations , August 2011 in “Current Medicinal Chemistry”

New treatments for enlarged prostate are being developed, some of which may be more effective than current medications.

research Discovery of Natural Steroid 5 Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors

11 citations , December 2018 in “Assay and Drug Development Technologies”

Natural herbal compounds might treat certain medical conditions by reducing DHT levels, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety.

research The enzyme and inhibitors of 4-ene-3-oxosteroid 5α-oxidoreductase

64 citations , June 1995 in “Steroids”

Inhibitors of the enzyme 5 alpha-reductase could potentially treat disorders like prostate cancer and baldness.

research 5 alpha-reductase inhibition by a new synthetic steroid (PM-9) in cultures of Penicillium crustosum.

1 citations , January 2002 in “PubMed”

PM-9, like finasteride, may help treat certain diseases by blocking a key enzyme.

research 896 Androgens activate lipogenesis through an AKT-independent mTOR pathway stimulation and a limitation of autophagy in an androgen-sensitive sebocyte cell line

April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) increases oil production in skin cells by activating mTOR, and mTOR inhibitors can reduce this effect.

research Intracrine and Myotrophic Roles of 5α-Reductase and Androgens

35 citations , October 2011 in “Medicine and science in sports and exercise”

Muscles can make their own androgens, which may help muscle growth.

research Finasteride Inhibits Melanogenesis throughthe Regulation of Melanocortin 1 Receptorin Melanocytes

April 2015 in “한국생물공학회 학술대회”

Finasteride reduces melanin production in skin cells.

research Cortexolone 17α-Propionate (Clascoterone) is an Androgen Receptor Antagonist in Dermal Papilla Cells In Vitro

4 citations , February 2019 in “PubMed”

Clascoterone may be an effective topical treatment for hair loss.

research Androgenic and anti-androgenic effects of progesterone derivatives with different halogens as substituents at the C-6 position

19 citations , June 1999 in “Steroids”

Different halogens on progesterone derivatives can either block or mimic male hormone effects, depending on their type and amount.

research Androgen Receptor Ligands: Agonists and Antagonists

2 citations , November 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks”

Different substances that activate or block the androgen receptor can affect male development and treat conditions like prostate cancer.