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August 2012 in “Cell death and differentiation” Intu gene is crucial for hair follicle formation by helping keratinocytes differentiate through primary cilia.
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July 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” The cause of alopecia areata is likely a mix of genetics, immune system issues, and environmental factors, with more research needed to understand it fully.
August 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Bullous pemphigoid, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and alopecia areata may share immune-related causes.
June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that permanent hair loss conditions are complex, require early specific treatments, and "secondary permanent alopecias" might be a more accurate term than "secondary cicatricial alopecia."
417 citations
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September 2005 in “PLoS biology” Understanding gene expression in hair follicles can reveal insights into hair growth and disorders.
363 citations
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March 2017 in “Nature Communications” Stem cells help heal wounds by rapidly dividing and migrating to the wound edge.
321 citations
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March 2015 in “Nature” Super-enhancers controlled by pioneer factors like SOX9 are crucial for stem cell adaptability and identity.
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October 2013 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Growing human skin cells in a 3D environment can stimulate new hair growth.
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February 2016 in “Science Translational Medicine” The timing of when the gene Bmal1 is active affects aging and survival, with its absence during development, not adulthood, leading to premature aging.
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October 2001 in “The FASEB Journal” Noggin is necessary to start the hair growth phase in skin after birth.
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August 2017 in “Nature cell biology” Lactate production is important for activating hair growth stem cells.
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November 2014 in “Developmental Cell” Hair follicle dermal stem cells are key for regenerating parts of the hair follicle and determining hair type.
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October 2001 in “Genes & Development” The mutated hairless gene causes hair loss by acting as a new type of corepressor affecting thyroid hormone receptors.
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December 2014 in “PLoS Biology” Macrophages help activate hair follicle stem cells, affecting hair growth and skin repair.
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February 2007 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Alopecia areata causes hair loss, has no cure, and various treatments exist.
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September 2006 in “Developmental Cell” Too much Smad7 changes skin and hair development by breaking down a protein called β-catenin, leading to more oil glands and fewer hair follicles.
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June 2012 in “Genes & Development” Sonic hedgehog signaling is crucial for hair growth and maintaining hair follicle identity.
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September 2001 in “The FASEB Journal” Stress can cause hair loss by negatively affecting hair follicles and this effect might be reversed with specific treatments.
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August 2010 in “Developmental Cell” MIM is crucial for hair follicle formation and regeneration by controlling cilia formation and hedgehog signaling through its interaction with Cortactin and Src.
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June 2002 in “The EMBO Journal” Too much Smad7 can cause serious changes in skin tissues, including problems with hair growth, thymus shrinkage, and eye development issues.
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September 2010 in “Stem cells” Skin-derived precursors in hair follicles come from different origins but function similarly.
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May 2011 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Activating TRPV3 stops human hair growth.
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August 2007 in “PLoS ONE” Myc changes chromatin in stem cells, causing them to leave their niche.
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June 2017 in “Nature Communications” A WNT10A gene mutation leads to ectodermal dysplasia by disrupting cell growth and differentiation.
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October 2000 in “The FASEB Journal” The p75 neurotrophin receptor is important for hair follicle regression by controlling cell death.
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May 2009 in “Development” EGF and KGF signalling prevent hair follicle formation and promote skin cell development in mice.
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October 2016 in “Genes & Development” Cells in hair follicles help create fat cells in the skin by releasing a protein called Sonic Hedgehog.
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October 2009 in “The FASEB journal” TRH stimulates human hair growth and extends the hair growth phase.
67 citations
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November 2019 in “Nature Communications” Oncogenic melanocyte stem cells can develop into melanoma similar to human cases.
62 citations
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November 2009 in “Aging Cell” Hedgehog signaling helps keep hair follicle stem cells the same in both young and old human skin.