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August 2023 in “ACS Applied Bio Materials” The hydrogels are strong, self-healing, and good for 3D printing and delivering treatments.
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January 1992 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” The Cell Membrane Complex in hair has both water-attracting and water-repelling layers.
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January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” 11 citations
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April 2022 in “Biophysical Journal” Disulfide bonds in keratin fibers break more easily under stress, especially when wet, affecting fiber strength.
4 citations
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June 2022 in “Journal of cleaner production” New eco-friendly method strengthens and sets hair using light and causes less damage.
40 citations
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May 2016 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Changes in keratin make hair follicles stiffer.
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January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
13 citations
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January 2010 in “Advances in Biochemical Engineering / Biotechnology” Understanding hair biology is key to developing better treatments for hair and scalp issues.
December 2025 in “Cosmetics” The bio-based complex effectively repairs and protects chemically damaged hair.
February 2023 in “European biophysics journal” 75 citations
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September 2015 in “Acta biomaterialia” Alkylation of human hair keratin allows for adjustable drug release rates in hydrogels for medical use.
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August 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” TGase 3 helps build hair structure by forming strong bonds between proteins.
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December 2000 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Scientists successfully created mouse hair proteins in the lab, which are stable and similar to natural hair.
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January 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Transglutaminase activity is important for skin and is found in both mammals and birds.
October 2021 in “Authorea (Authorea)” New hair perming method using tyrosine is gentler and can be done with a blow-dryer.
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January 2006 in “Molecular & Cellular Proteomics” Human hair contains many proteins, with some being highly abundant and modified.
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January 2019 in “Studia Biologica” Extracted keratin from wool and hair can be used in medicine and bioengineering.
February 2025 in “Biomimetics” The shampoo straightens hair while keeping it healthy and less damaged.
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May 1998 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Small proline-rich proteins and trichohyalin help make epithelial tissues tougher and more flexible.
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April 1999 in “Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry” S100A3 protein is mainly found in specific parts of human hair cells.
3 citations
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September 2018 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Oxidized trichocyte keratin has a helical dislocation in its structure.
October 2024 in “Cosmetics” Afro-textured hair needs personalized care due to its unique genetic traits.
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May 2006 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Keratin-associated proteins help link filaments and affect keratin's strength.
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October 2019 in “Genes” A new sheep gene, KRTAP36-1, may help breed sheep with better wool by reducing prickle factor.
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February 2019 in “Frontiers in Physiology” Hair properties are interconnected; a comprehensive, cross-disciplinary approach is essential for understanding hair behavior.
71 citations
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August 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Hair keratin-associated proteins are essential for strong hair, with over 80 genes showing specific patterns and variations among people.
Cornification is the process where living skin cells die to create a protective barrier, and problems with it can cause skin diseases.
3 citations
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July 2025 in “Gels” Engineered protein hydrogels improve medical treatments by mimicking natural body structures.
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December 2015 in “Biomacromolecules” Keratin hydrogels can be customized for better tissue healing.
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August 2020 in “Cells” TGM3 is important for skin and hair structure and may help diagnose cancer.