36 citations
,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
30 citations
,
December 2001 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Hormonal therapy is a good option for women with severe acne, especially when there's a chance of hormone imbalance.
11 citations
,
May 2021 in “Journal of Medical Virology” Men are more likely to have severe respiratory viral infections like COVID-19 due to hormonal and genetic differences, while women generally have stronger immune responses.
67 citations
,
May 2018 in “Journal of Ginseng Research” Red ginseng may improve immunity, fatigue, memory, blood circulation, and menopausal symptoms, and is generally safe to consume.
51 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone replacement may improve sexual desire and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
6 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone replacement may help postmenopausal women with sexual function and bone density, but suitable treatments are limited.
September 2025 in “Cureus” Equilibrium dialysis can accurately measure testosterone levels when lab results are inconsistent.
13 citations
,
December 2012 in “Frontiers in bioscience” Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.
39 citations
,
August 2004 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” Finasteride and CPA-EE2 equally reduce hirsutism, but affect hormone levels differently.
1 citations
,
September 2020 in “Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports” The conclusion is that thorough investigation of hypertension and hormonal dysfunctions is important, and there may be a link between these conditions and cancer.
39 citations
,
November 1978 in “Annals of internal medicine” Spironolactone may help reduce excessive hair growth in women with high male hormone levels.
January 2025 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Diagnosing PCOS is challenging due to its complex and varied symptoms.
3 citations
,
May 2023 in “Biomedicines” PCOS causes infertility mainly due to hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation.
4 citations
,
June 2018 in “PLOS ONE” Iron levels are linked to insulin resistance in men and postmenopausal women, but not in premenopausal women.
1 citations
,
May 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Autism's genetics are linked with early age of puberty and less hair loss, but not with hormone levels or polycystic ovary syndrome.
August 2023 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Exosomes from hair papilla cells and the Chinese medicine Liao Tuo Fang can potentially promote hair growth and could be used to develop hair growth drugs.
26 citations
,
January 2000 in “Hormone research in paediatrics” Insulin resistance is linked to high male hormone levels in women, often seen in those with PCOS.
22 citations
,
January 2002 in “Treatments in endocrinology” Birth control pills help treat skin and hair growth problems linked to high male hormone levels.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen deficiency can reduce the enzyme activity needed to activate vitamin D.
August 2009 in “International Journal of Dermatology” A postmenopausal woman's facial redness, acne, and excess hair were caused by too much hormone therapy for insomnia, but improved after stopping the treatment.
78 citations
,
November 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.
18 citations
,
April 2016 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is difficult and should focus on specific hormone levels and menstrual irregularities, while also considering treatment for symptoms and related health issues.
2 citations
,
December 1994 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The treatment effectively reduced hair growth and was safe for patients with PCOS, but it needs better bleeding control.
December 2024 in “Turkish Society of Clinical Biochemistry” Higher BPA levels may be linked to idiopathic hyperandrogenemia in women.
19 citations
,
March 1998 in “Endocrinology” Male rats have more somatostatin neurons than females due to testosterone converting to estrogen during early development.
March 2024 in “Journal of Applied and Natural Science” Mentha spicata leaves lower testosterone and aggression in female rats.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience” Neurosteroids like neuro-estrogen and neuro-androgen are crucial for brain function and can improve cognition and protect against aging-related decline.
4 citations
,
March 2017 in “Development” Estrogen is important for keeping adult mouse nipple skin healthy by controlling certain cell signals.
June 1995 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” Women with hair loss have higher androgen levels, while men with early balding have altered androgen ratios.
December 2012 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Estrogen increases a growth factor in hair cells which might affect hair loss.