September 2021 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Not having enough or having too much of the protein Grainyhead-like 3 leads to various developmental problems.
33 citations
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October 2012 in “Journal of Morphology” Reptile skin hardens by layering beta-proteins on keratin.
January 2003 in “Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery” Dermal papilla cells can help form hair follicles and produce hair.
EGF and EGFR are important for goat skin development, increasing from weeks 6 to 21.
December 2025 in “The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology” Red Sokoto goat fetuses develop firmer, pigmented skin with hair follicles as they grow.
April 2026 in “Development” Hemidesmosomes and Notch signaling help skin cells mature by moving them to the outer layer.
249 citations
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May 2003 in “Developmental Biology” Ectodysplasin-A1 is crucial for developing hair, teeth, and glands.
29 citations
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February 1989 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” A unique hair tumor with a rippled pattern was identified, showing incomplete differentiation and unusual cell arrangements.
June 2020 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Scientists successfully grew mini hair follicles using human skin cells, which could help treat baldness.
142 citations
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June 2003 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Hair follicle stem cells can generate all hair cell types, skin, and sebaceous glands.
8 citations
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May 2021 in “Bioengineering & translational medicine” Hair growth environment recreated with challenges; stem cells make successful skin organoids.
18 citations
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May 2023 in “Science Advances” Activating the sonic hedgehog pathway in chicken embryos can permanently change scales to feathers.
43 citations
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January 2012 in “Biological Research” The origins of many adult skin stem cells are still mostly unknown.
318 citations
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October 1998 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Keratin 17 is important for skin development and may help define skin cell types.
January 2006 in “Chinese Journal of Dermatology” Hair follicle-like structures can be created using hair cells on collagen/chitosan scaffolds.
January 2018 in “VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University)” Desmosomes are crucial for skin and heart development, and JNK may help regulate them.
38 citations
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September 1997 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” A mutation in mice causes hair loss and skin issues due to a defect in a gene affecting cell adhesion.
15 citations
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January 1999 in “Reproduction Fertility and Development” Merino sheep have fewer wool follicles at birth than before birth.
2 citations
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February 2009 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” A man had rare skin tumors with bone formation and cholesterol deposits.
33 citations
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August 2000 in “Experimental Cell Research” January 2010 in “Zhongguo xiandai yixue/Zhongguo xiandai yixue zazhi” Skin stem cells can become different cell types, like hair or bone cells, in lab conditions.
14 citations
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March 2016 in “Mechanisms of Development” Basonuclin 2 is vital for the development of facial bones, hair follicles, and male germ cells in adult mice, and its absence can lead to dwarfism and abnormal follicles.
39 citations
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November 2007 in “Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry” NG2 is crucial for normal skin and hair development in mice.
Dermal papilla cells can help form hair-like structures in lab-grown skin cells.
5 citations
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January 1993 in “PubMed” Retinoic acid can change skin structures in vertebrates, like turning scales into feathers or hair buds into glands.
6 citations
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January 2019 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” Sox13 is a useful marker for early hair follicle development but not essential for hair growth.
June 2019 in “Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine”
5 citations
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January 2015 in “Current Topics in Developmental Biology” Fish teeth and taste bud densities are linked and can change between types due to shared genetic and molecular factors.
3 citations
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August 2017 in “Springer eBooks” The document explains breast development, common breast conditions, and their treatments.
1 citations
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October 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Removing HIF-P4H-2 from certain skin cells in mice causes hair loss on the body but not the head.