32 citations
,
September 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Hormone therapy for transgender females increases the risk of blood clots and requires careful dosing, monitoring, and lifelong management.
146 citations
,
December 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Hormone therapy is essential for transgender individuals but requires careful management due to possible metabolic effects.
58 citations
,
January 2003 in “Thrombosis and Haemostasis” Testosterone may slow down wound healing and increase inflammation.
36 citations
,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
32 citations
,
January 2018 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.
18 citations
,
January 2004 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Skin problems in older people can indicate hormonal diseases, nutritional deficiencies, or conditions like diabetes, menopause, and HIV.
11 citations
,
March 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Nandrolone might increase muscle mass with fewer side effects than testosterone but could cause erectile dysfunction and needs more research.
11 citations
,
November 2009 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Bolandiol, a synthetic steroid, builds muscle and bone without greatly affecting sex glands, and works differently from other hormones.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire but needs more safety research and should be used with estrogen therapy.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help with androgen deficiency in women but should be used with caution and monitoring due to potential risks.
September 1999 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” The document concludes that skin aging in women can be caused by UV exposure and hormonal changes, and treatments like hormone replacement therapy and various skin therapies can help.
158 citations
,
June 2017 in “Maturitas” Estrogen helps improve skin aging and healing, especially in post-menopausal women.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone can lower testosterone in some transfeminine people.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone may effectively suppress testosterone in some transfeminine individuals.
January 2011 in “Journal of biological research” Endocrine disruptors may cause early hair loss.
38 citations
,
October 2006 in “Fertility and Sterility” The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.
18 citations
,
January 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” The document concludes that Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea should be carefully diagnosed and managed to prevent health complications, using lifestyle changes and specific medications.
11 citations
,
July 2001 in “APMIS. Acta pathologica, microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica./APMIS” Estrogens are key for bone growth spurts in both boys and girls and affect growth into adulthood.
1 citations
,
May 2017 in “Maturitas” The document concludes that managing health issues like menopause, cardiovascular risk, and hair loss is crucial for promoting longevity in aging women.
44 citations
,
December 2005 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Combining 5α-reductase and aromatase inhibitors may better reduce estrogen levels.
855 citations
,
June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
154 citations
,
October 1996 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Estrogen affects hair growth and skin cell multiplication.
122 citations
,
July 2005 in “The FASEB journal” Hair follicles produce and respond to melatonin, affecting hair growth and sensitivity to estrogen.
120 citations
,
April 2019 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Both estrogens and androgens are important for health in both males and females.
77 citations
,
May 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.
77 citations
,
June 2007 in “PLoS ONE” Birds can regenerate inner ear cells using specific gene pathways, unlike mammals.
72 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
55 citations
,
January 2007 in “Climacteric” Menopause and aging can affect women's quality of life and sexuality, but hormone therapies may help alleviate these issues.
47 citations
,
November 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents” The document concludes that research on sulfatase inhibitors should continue due to their potential in treating various diseases, despite some clinical trial failures.
42 citations
,
July 2012 in “PLOS ONE” Estrogen can temporarily slow down hair growth but this can be reversed.