32 citations
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June 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mice without certain skin proteins had abnormal skin and hair development.
22 citations
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November 2014 in “Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics” Cysteines in wool fibers are accessible and form important disulfide bonds.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
305 citations
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March 2008 in “AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism” SSAT is a key enzyme affecting cell growth and metabolism, with potential but risky use in disease treatment.
5 citations
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February 2025 in “Cell Reports” Skin acetyl-CoA synthesis is crucial for overall lipid balance.
December 2023 in “ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering” Keratin can be successfully taken from human hair using a mix of choline chloride and ethanolamine.
17 citations
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September 1953 in “Journal of Cell Science” INT effectively shows enzyme activity and protein groups in wool and hair follicles.
December 2015 in “PLOS ONE” December 2012 in “SWU eJournals System (Srinakharinwirot University)” Chemical hair removal can cause skin irritation and other issues, but natural alternatives are being explored.
3 citations
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January 2004 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” DTDG in hair treatments reduces damage and preserves hair structure.
124 citations
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November 2000 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” PAD3 plays a key role in hair and skin protein structure and may be linked to skin diseases.
September 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Chemical treatments change hair surface properties, making it more hydrophilic and able to bind conditioners.
29 citations
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August 2005 in “Biopolymers” L-cysteine slows down the breaking of bonds in hair due to electrostatic interactions.
57 citations
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January 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” PADs are crucial for healthy skin and hair, and their imbalance can cause skin and hair disorders.
January 2013 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” CMADK reduces hair damage from bleaching and permanent waving.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Using DNase enzymes to break down harmful NETs could be a new treatment for Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
January 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new method using 1,4-n-butylene dimaleate effectively repairs and strengthens damaged hair.
49 citations
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May 1974 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure” Transamidases are present in the epidermis but their exact role is unclear.
January 2007 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Mf-rich hair degrades more than Ma-rich hair, especially with Proteinase K.
4 citations
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January 1994 in “Yakugaku zasshi” EPC-K is stable except at very acidic pH or when exposed to sunlight, and it can decompose in low ethanol concentrations.
December 2025 in “Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry” Pepsin digestion improves accuracy in analyzing proteins in human hair.
10 citations
,
March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Oxidation changes human hair by breaking down fats and forming new acidic groups, affecting how it interacts with conditioners and cosmetics.
16 citations
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September 2019 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Mice without certain skin enzymes have faster hair growth and bigger eye glands.
Chemical treatments weaken hair's thermal stability and structure.
3 citations
,
January 1984
17 citations
,
December 2004 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Scientists found new, better-working inhibitors for a hormone-related enzyme.
1 citations
,
September 1986 in “Journal of the Forensic Science Society” Hair root sheaths can be used to accurately analyze genetic markers.
December 2025 in “Biomolecules” Targeting protein S-palmitoylation could lead to new skin disease treatments.
71 citations
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June 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” PAD enzymes play a key role in hair growth and structure.
18 citations
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January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.