March 2025 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Dermatologists should guide transgender patients on effective hair growth and loss treatments during hormone therapy.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Gender-affirming hormone therapy affects metabolism differently based on treatment type.
21 citations
,
October 2009 in “Dermatology” Men with male pattern hair loss have different levels of certain hormones compared to men without hair loss.
20 citations
,
June 2007 in “Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery” Certain inhibitors can potentially treat prostate cancer and other hormone-dependent conditions by controlling sex hormone levels in cells.
October 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hormonal imbalances in women can cause acne, excess hair growth, and hair loss, needing combined medical and mental health care.
October 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hormonal imbalances in women can cause acne, excess hair growth, and hair loss, needing combined medical and mental health care.
Women with a certain type of hair loss have more copper in the back of their head than the front, and treatment can normalize hair but not copper levels.
147 citations
,
April 2004 in “PubMed” Sex steroid receptors are found in specific skin cells, affecting skin and hair functions.
June 2011 in “Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)” Estrogens and androgens are crucial for male fertility.
April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Androgens increase growth factors in skin cells, which may lead to acne.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
71 citations
,
February 2006 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Pregnancy causes skin changes like darkening, hair thickening, nail changes, and increased risk of skin growths, most of which usually resolve after birth.
July 2025 in “Reproductive Biology” Finasteride use in male rats may harm their male offspring's liver function.
Bilateral Orchiectomy effectively reduces the need for anti-androgen medication in most transgender females.
185 citations
,
August 2020 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.
64 citations
,
June 1992 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Pregnancy often causes skin changes like darkening, stretch marks, and hair growth, which may improve after childbirth.
47 citations
,
November 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents” The document concludes that research on sulfatase inhibitors should continue due to their potential in treating various diseases, despite some clinical trial failures.
8 citations
,
July 2022 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Menopause can cause oral health issues like dry mouth and burning sensations.
4 citations
,
June 2023 in “Frontiers in Aging” Improving blood flow and oxygen levels in middle age may help prevent age-related diseases.
June 2026 in “Scientific Reports” Testosterone makes XX skin more like male skin by changing its structure and cell makeup.
80 citations
,
April 2006 in “Clinical Interventions in Aging” Minoxidil and Finasteride are effective for male baldness; more research is needed for hair aging treatments.
November 2017 in “JAMA internal medicine” Women also use 5α-reductase inhibitors for hair loss and hirsutism.
78 citations
,
November 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.
66 citations
,
August 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with acromegaly often have irregular periods due to hormone imbalances and growth hormone effects.
43 citations
,
January 1999 in “Endocrinology” Cortisol increases a specific protein in bone cells, which may help explain its negative effects on bone.
23 citations
,
July 2015 in “The Journal of Membrane Biology” Testosterone increases certain proteins in the uterus, reducing fluid volume.
22 citations
,
January 2019 in “Climacteric” Oophorectomy lowers testosterone and estrogen levels in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, with postmenopausal women still producing significant testosterone.
16 citations
,
July 2002 in “JOGC/Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Birth control pills can help reduce mild to moderate acne in women.
12 citations
,
March 2017 in “Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology” Testosterone helps prevent skin damage in males by acting through both estrogen and androgen pathways.
10 citations
,
March 2008 in “DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” Estrogen treatments can cause unwanted effects in men and should be used cautiously.