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GlossaryEstrogen Therapy

administration of estrogen hormones to alleviate menopause symptoms

Estrogen Therapy, also known as Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) or Estrogen Replacement Therapy (ERT), involves the administration of estrogen hormones to alleviate symptoms associated with menopause, such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and osteoporosis. It can also be used in cases of estrogen deficiency due to other medical conditions. This therapy helps to restore hormone levels, thereby improving quality of life and reducing the risk of certain long-term health issues.

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Complex Extract of Polygonatum Sibiricum and Nelumbinis Semen Improves Menopause Symptoms via Regulation of Estrogen Receptor Beta in an Ovariectomized Rat Model

research Complex Extract of Polygonatum sibiricum and Nelumbinis semen Improves Menopause Symptoms via Regulation of Estrogen Receptor Beta in an Ovariectomized Rat Model

May 2023 in “Nutrients”

A mix of Polygonatum sibiricum and Nelumbinis semen may ease menopause symptoms with fewer side effects.

research SUN-144 Initiating Estradiol Hormone Therapy in a Transgender Woman With Multifocal Idiopathic Localization-Related Epilepsy

October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society”

The patient was satisfied with hormone therapy, and her epilepsy remained stable.

Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Therapy for Hirsutism Is as Effective as High Dose Cyproterone Acetate but Results in a Longer Remission

research Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist therapy for hirsutism is as effective as high dose cyproterone acetate but results in a longer remission

49 citations , April 1997 in “Human reproduction”

Hormone therapy for excessive hair growth is as good with GnRHa as with high-dose CPA, but GnRHa has longer-lasting results.

research New and Consolidated Therapeutic Options for Pubertal Induction in Hypogonadism: In-depth Review of the Literature

19 citations , December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews”

There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.

research A Review of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy for Transgender and Gender Diverse Adults in South Korea

4 citations , January 2022 in “Journal of Menopausal Medicine”

Gender-affirming hormone therapy in South Korea aligns with international guidelines and has specific side effects.

research [Antiandrogen therapy of acne, falling hair and hirsutism (author's transl)].

June 1980 in “PubMed”

Cyproterone acetate is an effective treatment for women with acne, hair loss, and excessive hair growth.

research Side-Effects of Spironolactone Therapy in the Hirsute Woman

80 citations , January 1988 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism”

Spironolactone can cause side effects like irregular bleeding, but lower doses may reduce these effects and still improve hirsutism.

research Hair Biology

33 citations , August 2018 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America”

The document explains hair biology, the causes of hair loss, and reviews various hair loss treatments.

Hormone Replacement Therapy for Women with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: A Comprehensive Review

research HRT for women with premature ovarian insufficiency: a comprehensive review

61 citations , January 2017 in “Human Reproduction Open”

The review recommends hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency to manage symptoms and protect health, with specific approaches for different groups.

research SAT-214 Satoyoshi Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Premature Ovarian Failure

3 citations , April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society”

Satoyoshi syndrome can occur without causing premature ovarian failure.

research Endocrine Aspects of Female Sexual Dysfunction

100 citations , July 2004 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine”

Hormones like estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, and prolactin play complex roles in female sexual function, with testosterone potentially improving sexual desire, arousal, and satisfaction. However, more research is needed to establish safe and effective hormone treatments for female sexual dysfunction.

research Rapid nongenomic modulation by neurosteroids of dendritic spines in the hippocampus: Androgen, oestrogen and corticosteroid

33 citations , December 2017 in “Journal of neuroendocrinology”

Sex and stress steroids quickly change brain cell structures in the hippocampus.

research Male, Female, Other: Transgender and the Impact in Primary Care

10 citations , February 2016 in “The Journal for Nurse Practitioners”

Healthcare providers need better education and resources to give competent and sensitive care to transgender patients.

research Alopecia universalis and Kallman’s Syndrome

2 citations , January 1986 in “Dermatology”

A woman with Kallman's syndrome also developed alopecia universalis, a condition not previously linked to Kallman's.

research Comprehensive clinical management of polycystic ovary syndrome.

4 citations , June 2007 in “PubMed”

Effective management of PCOS includes lifestyle changes, medication for menstrual regulation, fertility treatments, and cosmetic issue remedies.

Secondary Amenorrhea With Absent Axillary Hair

research Secondary amenorrhoea with absent axillary hair

March 2023 in “European journal of internal medicine”

The patient's long-term symptoms were due to Sheehan's syndrome, which improved with hormone therapy.

research [Effects of androgens on the skin. Therpeutic implications].

December 1976 in “PubMed”

Androgens affect skin conditions like acne and hirsutism, treatable with hormone therapy and other methods.

Presentation of a Meningioma in a Transwoman After Nine Years of Cyproterone Acetate and Estradiol Intake: Case Report and Literature Review

research Presentation of a meningioma in a transwoman after nine years of cyproterone acetate and estradiol intake: case report and literature review

34 citations , November 2017 in “Gynecological Endocrinology”

A transwoman developed a brain tumor after nine years of hormone therapy, suggesting a possible link between the treatment and tumor development.

research Neuroactive gonadal drugs for neuroprotection in male and female models of Parkinson's disease

34 citations , December 2015 in “Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews”

Some hormone-related drugs may protect brain cells in Parkinson's disease differently in men and women.

research Sex Hormones and Related Compounds, Including Hormonal Contraceptives

1 citations , January 2014 in “Side effects of drugs annual”

Hormonal contraceptives and related compounds can increase health risks like thrombosis and affect sexual function.

research Ductal breast cancer in a male patient

October 2010 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

An 86-year-old man with prostate cancer was diagnosed with a rare, low-grade breast cancer and underwent surgery but declined additional hormone therapy.

research Sex Hormones and their Analogues in Neuroimmune Biology

9 citations , September 2010 in “Immunology Endocrine & Metabolic Agents - Medicinal Chemistry”

Sex hormones influence immune responses and may help treat diseases.

research Melasma and Endocrine Disorders

1 citations , January 2015 in “Journal of Pigmentary Disorders”

Melasma is a skin condition linked to female hormones, genetics, UV exposure, and certain medications, but not to pituitary, adrenal, or thyroid diseases.

research Ferulic acid inhibits catamenial epilepsy through modulation of female hormones

August 2022 in “Metabolic Brain Disease”

Ferulic acid may help control menstrual cycle-related epilepsy by affecting female hormones.

research Immunological and Metabolic Causes of Infertility in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

3 citations , May 2023 in “Biomedicines”

PCOS causes infertility mainly due to hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation.

Steroid Hormones: Overview and Medical Applications

research Steroid Hormones

3 citations , January 2016 in “Elsevier eBooks”

Steroid hormones are crucial for body functions and have various medical uses, but their misuse can lead to dependence.

research Expansion of specialized epidermis induced by hormonal state and mechanical strain

3 citations , February 2015 in “Mechanisms of development”

Hormones and stretching both needed for nipple area skin growth in mice.

research The effects of synthetic 19-norprogestins on osteoblastic cell function are mediated by their non-phenolic reduced metabolites

13 citations , May 2007 in “Journal of Endocrinology”

Synthetic 19-norprogestins promote bone cell growth and function through their non-phenolic metabolites.

research Profile of the progesterone derivative chlormadinone acetate — Pharmocodynamic properties and therapeutic applications

33 citations , January 2009 in “Contraception”

Chlormadinone acetate is a strong, well-tolerated hormone used in birth control and hormone therapy with benefits for menstrual pain and skin conditions.

Priorities for Efficacy Trials of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy With Estrogen: Collaborative Design and Results of a Community Survey

research Priorities for efficacy trials of gender-affirming hormone therapy with estrogen: collaborative design and results of a community survey

February 2024 in “Hormones”

Future hormone therapy trials should match the diverse needs and priorities of the gender-diverse community.