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Oral contraceptives often cause melasma and other skin issues.

17β-estradiol boosts APE1/Ref-1 secretion in cells and mice via a calcium-dependent pathway.

Androgen use may increase the risk of stroke, but more research is needed.

A man with a rare adrenal cancer showed unusual symptoms and died four months after diagnosis.

Hormonal imbalances can cause hair loss, and understanding them can help develop better treatments.

Certain drugs can worsen hair loss in people prone to androgenetic alopecia.

Sex hormones affect hair growth and loss, and treatments for related hair diseases include various medications, hair transplantation, and light therapy.

Amenorrhea, or missing periods, is caused by various factors and is treated based on the specific cause.

Progesterone and testosterone protect brain cells from damage through specific pathways.

Allopregnanolone may help prevent nicotine withdrawal symptoms.

Men and women get COVID-19 at similar rates, but men tend to get sicker and have a higher risk of dying, while women usually have stronger immune responses and vaccine reactions.

Sebaceous glands age due to genetic and environmental factors, affecting sebum production and composition.

Testosterone therapy is effective and safe for women with low sexual desire, but it's hard to access.

Hormone imbalance is linked to Hidradenitis Suppurativa, a skin condition, and treatments like anti-androgenic therapy and metformin can help. It's also suggested to check patients for insulin resistance and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Menopause can cause hair thinning and texture changes due to hormonal and metabolic shifts.

Uterine transplants for transgender women are feasible but need more research.

Anabolic androgenic steroids can increase cancer risk and disrupt hormones.

The rat model showed early perimenopause with regular cycles and low hormones, and late perimenopause with irregular cycles and higher hormone levels.

Treating hair loss in both men and women is effective and improves quality of life.

Hormonal therapies, like flutamide and cyproterone acetate, are safe and effective for treating adult women's acne, especially those with hormone imbalance or resistant acne.

The 2023 guideline for PCOS suggests using updated diagnostic criteria, assessing related health risks, and recommends lifestyle changes and specific treatments for symptoms and fertility issues.

Gender-affirming hormone treatments need better patient-focused outcome measurements and standardized data collection.

Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.

DHEA affects multiple receptors and may help with metabolic issues, but its safety and effectiveness in humans are unclear.

Acne can't be cured but can be managed with treatments like benzoyl peroxide and diet changes; it's costly and can lead to scarring and mental health issues.

The guideline emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach and informed consent for gender-affirming hormone treatment, with regular follow-ups and individualized care.

Testosterone can help premenopausal and postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but its long-term safety is unclear and it's not widely approved for this use.

Long-term use of finasteride in women can cause hormonal changes, DNA damage, and menstrual issues.

Exposure to particulate matter worsens postpartum hair loss by affecting inflammation and cell death pathways.

The statement offers guidance for hormone therapy and surgery to help gender-incongruent adults affirm a male identity.