44 citations
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January 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Longer CAG repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.
67 citations
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January 2007 in “Climacteric” Estrogens and SERMs can help with skin aging, but their safety and effectiveness need more research.
40 citations
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January 2013 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Finger length ratios are not linked to the number of specific gene repeats affecting testosterone sensitivity.
23 citations
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May 2009 in “International Journal of Dermatology” AR gene not major factor in female hair loss; different from male hair loss.
October 2025 in “Scientific Reports” AR gene variations don't affect aging markers in men.
178 citations
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October 2001 in “Genes & Development” The mutated hairless gene causes hair loss by acting as a new type of corepressor affecting thyroid hormone receptors.
July 2021 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Alopecia patients have less GPER-1, which might affect hair loss.
1 citations
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January 2002 in “Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Hair loss in androgenic alopecia may be linked to increased local androgen activities, but not to estrogen levels.
187 citations
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December 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.
159 citations
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July 2006 in “Endocrine Reviews” Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.
154 citations
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October 1996 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Estrogen affects hair growth and skin cell multiplication.
87 citations
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March 2011 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” Genetics and hormones play a role in male and female hair loss, but more research is needed to fully understand it.
72 citations
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November 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Estrogen receptor α controls hair growth cycles and skin thickness in male mice.
50 citations
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March 2001 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Genes and hormones cause hair loss, with four genes contributing equally.
29 citations
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July 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.
44 citations
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March 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The effects of estrogen on human hair growth are unclear and need more research.
19 citations
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March 1998 in “Endocrinology” Male rats have more somatostatin neurons than females due to testosterone converting to estrogen during early development.
3 citations
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February 2019 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” The effects of estrogen on human scalp hair growth are unclear and need more research.
October 2025 in “Frontiers in Toxicology” A new method effectively predicts estrogen-related health effects for early screening.
100 citations
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September 2017 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Male hormones and their receptors play a key role in hair loss and skin health, with potential new treatments being explored.
31 citations
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July 2004 in “Molecular Medicine” Certain defective glucocorticoid receptor mutants move faster inside cell nuclei and work less effectively.
4 citations
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October 2013 in “Springer eBooks” Melatonin receptors, found in many body parts, can help treat various diseases like depression and diabetes due to their effects on inflammation, tumor progression, sleep disorders, and body mass regulation.
4 citations
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October 2007 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Glucocorticoids and sex hormones affect skin health, with potential for targeted treatments to minimize side effects and treat skin conditions.
December 2010 in “Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii” Certain genes and X chromosome patterns may significantly contribute to the development of hair loss.
27 citations
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July 2013 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” The conclusion is that androgenetic alopecia and senescent alopecia have unique gene changes, suggesting different causes and potential treatments for these hair loss types.
January 2006 in “Advances in developmental biology” The Hairless gene is crucial for healthy skin and hair growth.
122 citations
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July 2005 in “The FASEB journal” Hair follicles produce and respond to melatonin, affecting hair growth and sensitivity to estrogen.
65 citations
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May 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Dexamethasone may influence hair growth by altering estrogen receptor activity in hair cells.
59 citations
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January 2005 in “Endocrine Journal” Sex steroids influence skin appendage function and neoplasm development, with changes in AR and ERalpha in certain gland neoplasms.
39 citations
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May 2011 in “Human Immunology” Genetics play a role in acne, but how exactly they contribute is not fully understood.