106 citations
,
October 2016 in “Cell Stem Cell” PDGFA/AKT signaling is important for the growth and maintenance of certain skin fat cells.
81 citations
,
February 2019 in “Experimental & Molecular Medicine” PAK4 is crucial in cancer progression, brain development, and could be a therapeutic target, especially through the PAK4-CREB axis.
73 citations
,
June 2001 in “Endocrinology” Prolactin affects when mice shed and grow hair.
72 citations
,
April 2008 in “Organogenesis” Wnt signaling is crucial for skin and hair development and its disruption can cause skin tumors.
71 citations
,
January 2015 in “Journal of molecular cell biology/Journal of Molecular Cell Biology” mTOR signaling helps activate hair stem cells by balancing out the suppression caused by BMP during hair growth.
70 citations
,
January 2009 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Androgens slow hair growth by altering Wnt signaling in balding cells.
45 citations
,
April 2018 in “Nature Reviews Urology” Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.
40 citations
,
April 2014 in “Genes & Development” Hormones during pregnancy and lactation keep skin stem cells inactive, preventing hair growth.
26 citations
,
April 2019 in “Advances in wound care” Tannic acid helps wounds heal faster in rats by activating certain cell signals and reducing inflammation.
25 citations
,
November 2014 in “Ageing Research Reviews” Skin aging is caused by stem cell damage and can potentially be delayed with treatments like antioxidants and stem cell therapy.
25 citations
,
May 2013 in “Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia” Hedgehog signaling is crucial for mammary gland development over hair follicles.
23 citations
,
September 2015 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine” Activating ER-β, not ER-α, improves skin cell growth and wound healing.
16 citations
,
February 2014 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Researchers developed a mouse model that tracks hair growth using bioluminescence, improving accuracy in studying hair cycles.
14 citations
,
June 2001 in “Endocrinology” Prolactin affects when mice shed and grow hair.
13 citations
,
December 2012 in “Frontiers in bioscience” Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.
9 citations
,
March 2020 in “Gene” Certain gene variants in estrogen receptors are linked to polycystic ovary syndrome, mainly affecting metabolism, in Tunisian women.
9 citations
,
May 2019 in “Experimental Cell Research” HPV genes and estradiol increase a cancer-related signaling pathway, which may be targeted for cervical cancer treatment.
3 citations
,
December 2016 in “Journal of epidemiological research” Estrogen and androgenic hair increase melanoma risk, especially in European-ancestry individuals.
1 citations
,
May 2017 in “InTech eBooks” Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.
March 2026 in “Scientific Reports” Ferulic acid may help hair grow by activating certain receptors in cells.
December 2014 in “Bali Medical Journal” Females have higher estrogen receptor levels in hair than males, and these levels decrease in white hair compared to black hair.
77 citations
,
April 2004 in “Gene expression patterns” The three estrogen receptor genes are highly expressed in zebrafish neuromasts during development.
44 citations
,
March 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The effects of estrogen on human hair growth are unclear and need more research.
November 2024 in “Journal of Translational Internal Medicine” Exosomes from stem cells help hair regrowth by activating a specific signaling pathway.
26 citations
,
July 2016 in “PLOS ONE” Activating β-catenin in certain skin cells speeds up hair growth in mice.
November 2023 in “Frontiers in cell and developmental biology” Hair aging is caused by stress, hormones, inflammation, and DNA damage affecting hair growth and color.
October 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Effective PCOS treatments require targeting specific signaling pathways.
January 2016 in “Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)” Activating the Eda/Edar pathway improves wound healing by enhancing hair follicle growth.
March 2026 in “Calcified Tissue International” The EDA pathway plays a key role in bone development by interacting with other signaling pathways.
July 2020 in “Bioinformatics and Bioengineering” Found key genes affecting hair loss, immune response, and skin development; more research needed for better treatments.