23 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” All treatments reduce hair growth; low dose flutamide most effective with fewer side effects.
19 citations
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March 1994 in “Fertility and sterility” The combination therapy reduced hirsutism in women with PCOD and was well-tolerated.
18 citations
,
August 2019 in “Clinical breast cancer” Local hormonal treatment for vulvovaginal atrophy is likely safe for women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer on aromatase inhibitors.
2 citations
,
December 1994 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The treatment effectively reduced hair growth and was safe for patients with PCOS, but it needs better bleeding control.
7 citations
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October 1974 in “PubMed” Topical estrogens improved hair growth in about half of the patients.
74 citations
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December 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Leuprolide plus estrogen is more effective than oral contraceptives for reducing hirsutism.
68 citations
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May 1991 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Both cyproterone acetate and spironolactone effectively reduce hair growth in women with hirsutism.
3 citations
,
December 2011 in “Pediatric Dermatology” The patient's long-term hair loss was caused by leukemia treatments and low estrogen levels, worsened by her genetic tendency for hair loss.
January 2011 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)”
39 citations
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August 2004 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” Finasteride and CPA-EE2 equally reduce hirsutism, but affect hormone levels differently.
113 citations
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April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Cyproterone acetate-estrogen most effective for hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient needs.
March 2023 in “JAAD case reports”
855 citations
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June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
11 citations
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November 2022 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Hormonal treatments can change hair and skin in transgender people, but may not fully achieve desired results.
8 citations
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February 2009 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.
1 citations
,
January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” Hormone therapy is safe and effective for transgender adults, but requires regular monitoring and mental health support.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire but needs more safety research and should be used with estrogen therapy.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help with androgen deficiency in women but should be used with caution and monitoring due to potential risks.
December 2025 in “International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science” Localized estrogen treatments may improve skin quality with fewer risks than systemic hormone therapy.
18 citations
,
June 2010 in “Current medicinal chemistry” Treating hirsutism in women often requires a mix of medications and cosmetic methods for best results.
40 citations
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October 2004 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Trilostane treatment led to full hair regrowth in most Pomeranians and all miniature poodles with alopecia X.
25 citations
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August 1989 in “Seminars in reproductive medicine” Birth control pills are effective for treating women with too much male hormone.
22 citations
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January 2017 in “Dermatology” Spironolactone is effective and safe for treating acne with minimal side effects.
11 citations
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January 1991 in “Urology” New hormonal treatments for enlarged prostate show promise for safer, effective non-surgical options.
9 citations
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February 2022 in “Biomedicines” Testosterone treatment may change estrogen receptor methylation in AFAB individuals.
9 citations
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March 1985 in “Head & Neck Surgery” Topical minoxidil is the most promising treatment for male pattern hair loss, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety.
8 citations
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March 2020 in “Metabolites” Finasteride treatment changes urine metabolomics and steroid signatures, potentially monitoring effectiveness but may cause sexual side effects.
December 2025 in “Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences” Estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women can cause skin and hair issues, but local estrogen therapies help improve vaginal health.
The paper suggests that a decrease in estrogen receptor activity may cause sexual dysfunction syndromes and proposes hormonal treatments.
November 1978 in “PubMed” Antiandrogenic treatments can effectively manage certain skin conditions by using female hormones.