24 citations
,
December 2010 in “Dermatologic surgery” Botulinum toxin type A injections are not effective for severe alopecia areata.
39 citations
,
March 2008 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Etanercept may cause lichen planopilaris, so doctors should be cautious.
5 citations
,
September 2020 in “Proceedings - Baylor University. Medical Center” Tofacitinib successfully treated a woman's severe symptoms from a rare autoimmune condition.
Applying thyroid hormones to the scalp can help hair grow.
New drugs, baricitinib and ritlecitinib, are effective for severe alopecia areata.
CD4 T cells need IFN-γ to cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
49 citations
,
January 2018 in “Immunology” Psoriasis is linked to other autoimmune diseases and involves a specific inflammatory process.
October 2011 in “Journal of dermatology” A man with a rare skin condition and a new gene mutation developed high calcium levels due to his treatment.
A 16-year-old girl with lupus symptoms improved with treatment despite negative ANA tests.
May 2023 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Most lab tests for patients with Telogen effluvium, a type of hair loss, show no or mild abnormalities; only a few specific tests are useful.
22 citations
,
June 2005 in “Clinical Oncology” Orlistat might block the body's ability to absorb thyroid medication.
1 citations
,
January 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Genetically at-risk healthy people show similar immune issues as those with Pemphigus vulgaris or Alopecia areata.
31 citations
,
January 1981 PUVA-therapy is not very effective for severe hair loss types like alopecia totalis or universalis.
July 2025 in “International Journal of Trichology” Trichoscopy effectively diagnoses temporal triangular alopecia in children.
1 citations
,
September 2024 in “IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Topical tofacitinib is a safe and effective treatment for autoimmune skin disorders.
7 citations
,
December 2021 in “European Respiratory Review” The document concludes that diagnosing and treating Interstitial Pneumonia with Autoimmune Features (IPAF) is challenging, needs a multidisciplinary approach, and further research for better diagnostic criteria and treatments. It also emphasizes regular checks for Connective Tissue Disease symptoms in all patients with Interstitial Lung Disease.
Oral betamethasone mini-pulses effectively treat moderate to severe alopecia areata with manageable side effects.
144 citations
,
July 2015 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Alopecia areata is a common autoimmune disease affecting about 2% of people, causing significant disability and often associated with mental health issues and other autoimmune conditions.
14 citations
,
December 2010 in “Journal of human genetics” A Japanese patient with IFAP syndrome had a severe MBTPS2 gene mutation but showed milder symptoms than previously observed cases.
1 citations
,
November 2003 in “SKINmed Dermatology for the Clinician” A 17-year-old with Netherton syndrome has dry, itchy skin, brittle hair, and high IgE levels, treated with antihistamines and emollients.
April 2018 in “Blackwell's Five‐Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion” The document concludes that skin and hair changes in small animals are often due to hormonal imbalances and recommends regular baths and antibiotics for associated infections.
24 citations
,
February 2011 in “The American journal of pathology” AIRE protein, defective in APECED patients, is found in skin and hair cells and interacts with cytokeratin 17.
3 citations
,
March 2014 in “TURKDERM” Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder causing hair loss and can impact mental health.
1 citations
,
August 2018 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” A new mutation in the TMEM173 gene and a risk allele in IFIH1 cause a unique set of immune-related symptoms.
72 citations
,
September 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
January 2023 in “National journal of physiology, pharmacy and pharmacology” Low-dose methotrexate is generally safe but can cause mild to severe side effects, and folic acid can reduce these risks.
1 citations
,
July 1996 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Routine thyroid tests for diffuse alopecia in women may not be necessary, but checking for iron deficiency anemia could be useful.
2 citations
,
July 2024 in “Digestive Diseases and Sciences”
May 2021 in “British Small Animal Veterinary Association eBooks” If a dog's skin tests are normal but it has hair loss, consider other non-endocrine causes and choose tests based on the hair loss pattern.
January 2024 in “Elsevier eBooks” Increasing regulatory T cells may help treat alopecia areata by reducing autoimmunity and promoting hair growth.