30 citations
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January 1994 in “Micron” Mature hair surfaces are formed by keratinized cells with developed layers, not just modified plasma membranes.
42 citations
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April 2008 in “Acta materialia” Different ethnicities and treatments affect human hair strength and structure.
59 citations
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June 2008 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The article explains the genetic causes and symptoms of various hair disorders and highlights the need for more research to find treatments.
January 1989 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” The symposium concluded that hair growth involves complex processes, including the hair follicle life cycle, the role of the dermal papilla, hair strength, pigmentation, and the impact of diseases and treatments like minoxidil on hair and skin.
19 citations
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July 2018 in “ACS biomaterials science & engineering” Bleaching and combing damage hair's surface and mechanical properties.
30 citations
,
April 2009 in “Mycoses” Microsporum gypseum fungus breaks down keratin in hair by digesting it enzymatically, starting with less keratinized parts.
15 citations
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August 2020 in “Analytical chemistry” Hair lipids do not protect against humidity.
34 citations
,
September 2007 in “Experimental Dermatology” The outer layer of Merino wool is rich in sulfur proteins, making it resistant to damage.
18 citations
,
November 2007 in “Acta Veterinaria Hungarica” The ovine interdigital sinus has a complex structure with three layers and various skin-like features.
3 citations
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September 2005 in “Experimental dermatology” The cornified envelope is crucial for skin's barrier function and involves key proteins and genetic factors.
3 citations
,
December 2020 The interdigital gland in crossbred sheep is similar to skin and has specialized structures for secretion.
8 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Marsupial hair structure and keratin distribution are similar to placental mammals.
November 2024 in “Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D Genomics and Proteomics” Exosomes help hair follicle development in cashmere goats.
33 citations
,
October 2012 in “Journal of Morphology” Reptile skin hardens by layering beta-proteins on keratin.
January 2017 in “대한미용학회지” The cuticle layer in hair follicles thickens during keratinization due to incomplete cytosol loss.
36 citations
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January 1994 in “Cell and Tissue Research”
May 2025 in “Journal of Developmental Biology” Jawless vertebrates have teeth proteins similar to those in mammalian hair and nails.
10 citations
,
January 2010 in “International journal of trichology” Keratin-associated proteins are part of the developing hair fiber cuticle.
21 citations
,
December 2015 in “European journal of cell biology” Tight junctions create a barrier in pig hair follicles that controls what can enter the skin.
2 citations
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January 2002 in “Zhiwu Yanjiu” Capitate trichomes have more endoplasmic reticulum and vacuoles, while peltate trichomes have more plastids and larger subcuticular spaces.
1 citations
,
January 1992 in “Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science” Camel skin has typical mammalian layers, with hair follicles, glands, and muscles, varying by body area.
43 citations
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July 1994 in “Journal of Cell Science” Cross-linked proteins help maintain the structure of hair, feathers, and hagfish teeth.
22 citations
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November 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cystatin M/E helps in the final stages of hair and nail formation by controlling certain enzymes.
21 citations
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June 2003 in “Journal of Morphology” Monotreme and marsupial skin proteins show primitive features and species-specific differences compared to placental mammals.
42 citations
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February 2000 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Type VII collagen absence helps skin development by allowing tissue remodeling.
425 citations
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August 2002 in “BioEssays” The cornified cell envelope forms a protective barrier in skin and hair, using specific proteins and lipids to maintain effectiveness.
45 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Cat claws stay sharp by shedding their outer layer through microcracks formed during activities.
23 citations
,
January 1986 Involucrin is crucial for skin cell maturation and protection.
20 citations
,
December 2010 in “Journal of Morphology” Lizard claws have hair-like keratins similar to those in mammals.
11 citations
,
January 1977 in “Archives of dermatological research” Mouse tail skin has different keratinization near hair follicles and scales.