64 citations
,
January 1985 in “Clinical endocrinology” A combination of desogestrel and ethinyl oestradiol effectively reduces hair growth in hirsute women.
21 citations
,
January 2015 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Progesterone byproduct 5αP stimulates mammary tumor growth, but finasteride can suppress it.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Reactive lipids from aging cells change the extracellular matrix, affecting cell function and inflammation.
December 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Gut microbiota and metabolic pathways may play a key role in PCOS development.
9 citations
,
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Prostaglandin D2 increases testosterone production in skin cells through a process involving reactive oxygen species, and antioxidants may help treat hair loss.
28 citations
,
November 2009 in “European Journal of Neuroscience” Progesterone and allopregnanolone increase glycine release in rat brain cells.
January 2025 in “Haematology International Journal” These ovarian conditions cause high testosterone levels.
5 citations
,
December 2004 in “Dermatology” Two women with very high androgen levels had only slight skin issues, one due to a non-classical adrenal disorder and the other due to an adrenal tumor.
18 citations
,
February 2012 in “Experimental Dermatology” No link found between specific genes and female pattern hair loss.
123 citations
,
May 2009 in “Journal of Neuroscience” In late pregnancy, allopregnanolone reduces stress responses in rats by affecting brain chemicals.
5 citations
,
April 2018 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Adjusting estradiol-ANGPT2 levels can promote hair growth in female pattern hair loss.
December 2014 in “Bali Medical Journal” Females have higher estrogen receptor levels in hair than males, and these levels decrease in white hair compared to black hair.
16 citations
,
March 2000 in “Clinical Biochemistry” Women with hair loss had higher levels of certain hormones, suggesting a link to a condition like PCOS.
21 citations
,
January 2020 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Lack or blocking of SRD5a, a key component in hormone creation, can lead to conditions like pseudohermaphrodism and affect hair growth, bone mass, muscle strength, and reproductive health. More research is needed on its regulation from fertilization to adulthood.
35 citations
,
November 2019 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” Men and women have different levels and production of brain steroids, which may affect their risk for certain brain disorders.
8 citations
,
May 1996 in “Endocrinology” Certain adrenal hormones can strongly stimulate oil gland growth in hamster skin, similar to male hormones.
4 citations
,
March 2019 in “JAT. Journal of applied toxicology/Journal of applied toxicology” PFOS exposure disrupts hormone levels and enzyme activities in juvenile frogs, affecting males and females differently.
May 2021 in “International journal of developmental research” Estrogens and progesterone are key in regulating melasma pigmentation.
March 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Surgery removed ovarian tumors, normalizing testosterone and improving symptoms.
44 citations
,
January 1984 in “Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry”
1 citations
,
July 2011 in “Climacteric” Long-term estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women can improve certain health markers, hair loss is common regardless of hormone use, stopping estrogen doesn't increase breast cancer risk, smoking does, and a balanced BMI is linked to lower mortality.
8 citations
,
March 2008 in “Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift/Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” Adding estrogen increased bone mass in a transsexual man undergoing hormone therapy.
A thorough diagnostic process and teamwork are crucial for managing complex hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women.
4 citations
,
January 2006 in “PubMed” DHT deficiency may disrupt rat epididymis function by affecting estrogen receptors.
63 citations
,
March 2011 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Evaluate postmenopausal women with high androgen levels using medical history, physical exams, lab tests, and imaging to manage health risks.
January 2020 in “Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society” Tiny lipid particles loaded with a hormone gather in hair follicles, which may help treat hair loss.
54 citations
,
March 2012 in “International Journal of Andrology” Prenatal pesticide exposure may cause earlier breast development in girls.
December 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Rare ovarian tumors can cause increased male hormones in postmenopausal women; surgery is an effective treatment.
36 citations
,
October 2016 in “Bone” A male with aromatase deficiency improved bone health with estradiol treatment.
26 citations
,
January 1992 in “Carcinogenesis” TPA strongly increases ODC activity in certain skin cells, potentially aiding tumor growth.